Integrating Decision Elements for Behavioral Switching

集成行为切换的决策元素

• 批准号: 0447358
• 负责人: Rhanor Gillette
• 金额: $ 33万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-04-01 至 2008-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0447358&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Integrating; Decision; Elements; Behavioral; Switching

Successful animals tend to make efficient decisions in their daily activities in terms of effort spent, risk taken and benefit gained. In contrast, poor decisions affecting fitness are characteristic of anxiety, depression and many forms of mental illness that contribute to behavioral dysfunction. A grasp of the neural bases of decision is therefore essential to any unifying framework that models the organization of normal and abnormal behavior by the brain. Critical to the neural bases of decision is a description of how the nervous system integrates sensation, internal state and learning. A simple neural network model has been derived for cost-benefit decision-making in foraging from studies of behavior and nervous system in the simple predatory sea-slug, Pleurobranchaea. Within the context of the model, the feeding motor network is usefully conceived as a "goal-directed neural network" whose state of excitation is regulated by sensation, nutritional state and learning. This quality confers a role as a central, computational element for the cost-benefit algorithm that organizes expression of behavior. Rationale and experimental plans are outlined to elucidate how appetant stimulus properties, satiated state and food-avoidance learning act through the feeding motor network to influence decision in the motor network mediating both orienting and avoidance turns. Specifically, investigations will be aimed at explaining the neural bases for switching between orienting and avoidance turns, how this switch is determined by sensation, appetite and learning, and how avoidance decision may suppress feeding behavior. Studies will be carried out with conventional electrophysiological recording methods on well-tested physiological preparations. Results will have broad integrative significance to understanding how animals make successful behavioral decisions that balance perception of available resources and risk against their own needs, and will provide a simple model for approaching the neural circuitry for similar value-based decision-making in more complex animals. Undergraduate students, including minority members, are involved in these laboratory research activities. Research related materials from this lab, including videos, photographs and software, are disseminated for public information on the neural basis bases of behavior in sea slugs on a website written for accessibility by undergraduates and laypersons.

成功的动物往往在日常活动中做出有效的决定，包括付出的努力，承担的风险和获得的利益。 相比之下，影响健康的不良决定是焦虑、抑郁和许多形式的精神疾病的特征，这些精神疾病会导致行为功能障碍。 因此，对于任何一个统一的框架来说，掌握决策的神经基础是必不可少的，这个框架可以模拟大脑对正常和异常行为的组织。 对决策的神经基础至关重要的是描述神经系统如何整合感觉，内部状态和学习。 通过对侧鳃海蛞蝓的行为和神经系统的研究，建立了一个简单的神经网络模型，用于捕食成本效益决策。 在该模型的背景下，喂养运动网络被有效地设想为“目标导向的神经网络”，其兴奋状态由感觉、营养状态和学习来调节。 这种品质赋予了组织行为表达的成本效益算法作为中心计算元素的角色。 基本原理和实验计划的概述，以阐明如何食欲刺激特性，饱足状态和食物回避学习行为，通过喂养运动网络影响决策的运动网络介导的定向和回避转向。 具体而言，调查将旨在解释神经基础之间的切换定向和回避转向，这种开关是如何由感觉，食欲和学习，以及如何避免决策可能会抑制进食行为。 将使用常规电生理记录方法对经过良好测试的生理制剂进行研究。 研究结果将具有广泛的综合意义，以了解动物如何做出成功的行为决策，平衡对可用资源和风险的感知与自己的需求，并将提供一个简单的模型，用于接近神经回路，在更复杂的动物中进行类似的基于价值的决策。本科生，包括少数民族成员，参与这些实验室研究活动。 本实验室的研究相关材料，包括视频，照片和软件，在一个为本科生和外行编写的网站上传播关于海蛞蝓行为的神经基础的公共信息。