SBIR Phase II: Dye Co-Sensitizer Combinations for Increasing the Efficiency of Dye-Sensitized Titania Nanoparticles in Solar Cells

SBIR 第二阶段：用于提高太阳能电池中染料敏化二氧化钛纳米颗粒效率的染料共敏化剂组合

• 批准号: 0450532
• 负责人: Russell Gaudiana
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: KONARKA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-02-15 至 2009-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0450532&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; II; Dye; Co

This Small Business Innovation Research(SBIR) Phase II project aims to commercialize lightweight, flexible, affordable solar cells and modules that efficiently generate electricity from sunlight or indoor room light. These cells are based on dye-sensitized titania which is coated on a flexible substrate at high speed in a continuous coating, laminating process. The overall objective of Phase II is to raise the cell efficiency from its current 7% to 10% or higher, thereby raising the module efficiency from 5% to over 8%. To accomplish this, the ability of the sensitizing dyes to harvest a much larger number of available photons and convert them into electrons must be increased. In Phase I of this program, a new class of sensitizing dyes that cover a larger portion of the solar spectrum, have larger absorptivity than the currently used ruthenium-based dyes was discovered. In addition, materials that have similar molecular structures to those of the new sensitizing dyes, and act as co-sensitizers by boosting electron injection from the dye to the titania, are co-adsorbed with the dyes on the surface of the titania. It is anticipated that the combination of these materials will bring the cell and modules performance to the desired level. Commercially, the project will result in an inexpensive, efficient, flexible photovoltaic (PV) technology that can be integrated into consumer products. Therefore a renewable source of energy could be used to power products, minimizing the battery capacity and disposal requirements, and ultimately delivering power to building structures, avoiding emissions associated with fossil fuels. Security is a broad benefit on two levels. First, grid instability demonstrated by widespread blackouts in 2003 emphasizes the need for distributed power in our national grid. Secondly, growing homeland security concerns underscore the importance of wireless networks of sensors, cameras, and other monitoring systems for building and border security. Photovoltaics are uniquely suited to serve these distributed applications.

这个小型企业创新研究(SBIR)第二阶段项目旨在将轻型、灵活、经济实惠的太阳能电池和组件商业化，这些电池和组件可以高效地利用阳光或室内灯光发电。这些电池是以染料敏化二氧化钛为基础的，它在连续涂覆、层压工艺中高速涂覆在柔性基板上。第二阶段的总体目标是将电池效率从目前的7%提高到10%或更高，从而将模块效率从5%提高到8%以上。要做到这一点，必须提高增感染料获取大量可用光子并将它们转化为电子的能力。在该计划的第一阶段，发现了一类新的增感染料，它覆盖了太阳光谱的更大部分，比目前使用的基于Ru的染料具有更大的吸收率。此外，与新型增感染料具有相似分子结构的材料，通过促进染料向二氧化钛的电子注入而起到共增感剂的作用，与染料在二氧化钛表面上共吸附。预计这些材料的组合将使电池和模块的性能达到所需的水平。在商业上，该项目将产生一种廉价、高效、灵活的光伏(PV)技术，可以集成到消费产品中。因此，可再生能源可用于为产品提供动力，将电池容量和处置要求降至最低，并最终为建筑结构提供电力，避免与化石燃料相关的排放。安全在两个层面上是一个广泛的好处。首先，2003年大范围停电所表现出的电网不稳定突出了在我国国家电网中使用分布式电力的必要性。其次，日益增长的国土安全担忧突显了由传感器、摄像头和其他监控系统组成的无线网络对建筑和边境安全的重要性。光伏是唯一适合服务于这些分布式应用的产品。