Phylogenetic Analysis of Fagaceae: A Study of the Pattern and Process of Woody Plant Diversification

壳斗科系统发育分析：木本植物多样化模式与过程的研究

• 批准号: 0451962
• 负责人: Paul Manos
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: Duke University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-02-15 至 2010-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0451962&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Phylogenetic; Analysis; Fagaceae; Study; Pattern

The flowering plant family Fagaceae (ca. 1000 species, including the beeches, oaks, and chestnuts) plays a major ecological role in several broadly distributed ecosystems of the Northern Hemisphere. Duke University researchers Paul Manos and Sang-Hun Oh propose to conduct a thorough evolutionary investigation of this remarkable diversification of woody species. Ideally, the study of the pattern and process of species diversification or speciation requires a robust estimate of species relationships, accurate knowledge of species numbers, and a rich fossil record. In the oak family (Fagaceae), these conditions are nearly in place, making it a premier group for the research proposed. Research completed to date establishes a robust platform to produce a genealogy of Fagaceae using several DNA regions, specifically alternative low-copy nuclear genes across 75 species. The resulting genealogy will be used to address long-standing classical questions regarding the evolution of reproductive structures and traits, and independently to assess traditionally described genera. A second goal requires the use of fossils to calibrate the evolutionary history of the family. Within this chronicle of evolution, hypotheses of key innovation or critical factors linked to increases in the speciation rate, will be tested using established methods that test for shifts in species richness. Measures of phylogenetic diversity or the amount of DNA variation also will be compared among groups to test for significant differences that may correlate with shifts in the rate of diversification. The proposed research aims to link several aspects of macroevolutionary analysis to produce an explicit account of this ecologically significant diversification. While the family Fagaceae is well-studied, the synthesis proposed here has not been attempted before, and its implications reach beyond systematic biology and into emerging investigations of the causes of diversification and its consequences to molecular and genealogical diversity. The proposed research will integrate training at several levels. Dr. Sang-Hun Oh will train and benefit from a range of evolutionary activities present at Duke University. A graduate student will receive training in the methods proposed, and the research team will include two undergraduate students to be recruited through a Duke summer program funded through the NSF REU-Sites program. Proposed outreach activities include the development of a website dedicated to Fagaceae research at Duke, which will form the basis for an expanded contribution to the Tree of Life Project.

开花植物壳斗科(约1000种，包括山毛榉、橡树和栗子)在北半球几个广泛分布的生态系统中发挥着重要的生态作用。杜克大学的研究人员保罗·马诺斯和吴相勋提议对这种显着的木本植物物种多样化进行彻底的进化调查。理想情况下，研究物种多样化或物种形成的模式和过程需要对物种关系的可靠估计、对物种数量的准确了解以及丰富的化石记录。在栎科(壳斗科)中，这些条件几乎已经到位，使其成为拟议研究的首要类群。到目前为止完成的研究建立了一个强大的平台，使用几个DNA区域，特别是75个物种的替代低拷贝核基因，来制作壳斗科的系谱。由此产生的家谱将被用来解决关于生殖结构和特征进化的长期经典问题，并独立地评估传统上描述的属。第二个目标需要使用化石来校准该家族的进化史。在这部进化史中，与物种形成率增加有关的关键创新或关键因素的假设，将使用测试物种丰富度变化的既定方法进行测试。系统发育多样性的衡量标准或DNA变异量也将在不同群体之间进行比较，以测试可能与多样化速度变化相关的重大差异。这项拟议的研究旨在将宏观进化分析的几个方面联系起来，以明确说明这种在生态上意义重大的多样性。虽然壳斗科已经得到了很好的研究，但这里提出的合成以前从未被尝试过，它的影响超越了系统生物学，并涉及到对多样性的原因及其对分子和系谱多样性的影响的新的研究。拟议的研究将整合几个级别的培训。吴相宪博士将接受杜克大学的一系列进化活动的培训，并从中受益。一名研究生将接受建议方法的培训，研究团队将包括两名本科生，他们将通过由NSF REU-SITES计划资助的杜克大学暑期计划招聘。拟议的外联活动包括在杜克大学开发一个专门介绍壳斗科研究的网站，这将成为扩大对生命之树项目的贡献的基础。