Collaborative Research: The Norrona Project: An International Collaboration for Sustained Studies of the Meridional Overturning Circulation between Denmark, the Faroes and Iceland

合作研究：诺罗纳项目：丹麦、法罗群岛和冰岛之间经向翻转环流持续研究的国际合作

• 批准号: 0452970
• 负责人: H. Thomas Rossby
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Rhode Island
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2011-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0452970&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Norrona; Project; International

OCE-0452970/Rossby/FlaggThe global meridional circulation, the transformation of surface waters into deep waters in limited areas and the presumed broad upwelling of deep waters throughout much of the rest of the ocean, is extremely sensitive to climate changes. The deepest waters originate principally in the Weddell Sea and in the Nordic Sea, in both cases as dense water overflows. The Nordic Seas overflow is replaced by warm water flowing north, principally between Shetland, the Faroes and Iceland, a flow of exceptional importance for the mild climate enjoyed by central and northern Europe.It is proposed to establish a program to monitor the exchange of waters between the North Atlantic and the Nordic Seas across the Shetland- Faroe-Iceland ridge. The Scotland-Faroe-Iceland ridge is the natural chokepoint for monitoring the strength of the MOC. A ferry, the Norrona, operated out of the Faroes, maintains year-round weekly service to Iceland and to northern Denmark. The ferry also stops in the Shetland and in Norway. Thus the vessel traverses all north-flowing warm water between Iceland and Scotland weekly. We propose to equip the vessel with an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) to measure currents as it operates between these ports. Repeat sampling of currents allows for accurate estimates of transport, and hence allow to discern trends in transport. The high-resolution horizontal sampling allows detailed studies of the spatial and dynamical properties of the currents crossing the ridge. This program is designed to address growing societal concerns in the US and Europe about the stability of warm water transport to high latitudes. Displays of the data gathering system will be maintained onboard for public view and education.

OCE-0452970/Rossby/Flag全球纬向环流，即有限区域内表层沃茨向深层沃茨的转化，以及假定的整个海洋其余大部分深层沃茨的广泛上涌，对气候变化极为敏感。最深的沃茨主要来自威德尔海和北欧海，在这两种情况下，密集的水溢出。北欧海的溢流被向北流动的暖水所取代，主要是在设得兰群岛、法罗群岛和冰岛之间流动，这种流动对中欧和北方的温和气候具有特别重要的意义，建议设立一个方案，监测北大西洋和北欧海之间跨越设得兰群岛-法罗群岛-冰岛海脊的沃茨交换。苏格兰-法罗-冰岛海脊是监测MOC强度的天然瓶颈。渡轮，Norrona，经营出法罗群岛，保持全年每周服务冰岛和北方丹麦。渡轮也停在设得兰群岛和挪威。因此，这艘船每周都要穿越冰岛和苏格兰之间所有向北流动的温水。我们建议为该船配备声学多普勒海流剖面仪（ADCP），以测量在这些港口之间运行时的海流。 对海流的重复取样可以对迁移作出准确的估计，从而可以辨别迁移的趋势。高分辨率的水平采样允许详细研究的空间和动力学特性的电流跨越山脊。 该计划旨在解决美国和欧洲日益增长的对高纬度地区温水输送稳定性的社会担忧。数据收集系统的显示器将在船上维护，供公众观看和教育。