The Effects of Immigrant Entrepeneurship on Ethnic Attachment and Ethnic Solidarity: Koreans, the Chinese, and Indians in New York

职务名称：移民创业对族群依恋和族群团结的影响：纽约的韩国人、中国人和印度人本研究旨在系统地考察移民创业对纽约的中国人、印度人和韩国人的“族群依恋”（作为文化、社会和心理融入族群社区）和“族群团结”（作为使用族群集体行动）的影响。 决定本研究主要方向的两个假设是：（1）移民企业家精神加强了所有三个亚裔群体的种族依恋;（2）但主要由于商业模式的差异，加上人口多样性水平的不同，这三个群体之间，移民创业可能会增强韩国移民的民族团结，而可能会削弱中国和印度移民的民族团结。一项涉及纽约市约300名韩国人、300名中国人和300名印度移民的电话调查将被用来研究对种族依恋的影响，而对《纽约》文章的回顾以及对约40名中国人、40名印度人和20名韩国人社区、商业、专业人士的录音采访，和纽约-新泽西地区的劳工组织领导人将被用来检查对种族团结的影响。这项研究将通过展示移民商业模式对两个不同种族现象的影响，对社会学知识做出重大贡献。 传统的社会学研究方法侧重于研究种族关系对移民创业的影响，而忽略了研究相反方向的影响。 该项目的更广泛的影响将包括提供有关三个亚洲移民群体的商业模式的实用信息，并培训16名中国，印度和韩国的本科生和研究生，以进行他们自己社区的社会学研究。

Title: The Effects of Immigrant Entrepreneurship on Ethnic Attachment and Ethnic Solidarity: Koreans, the Chinese, Indians in New York This study intends to systematically examine the effects of immigrant entrepreneurship on both "ethnic attachment" (as the cultural, social and psychological integration into the ethnic community) and "ethnic solidarity" (as use of ethnic collective action) for Chinese, Indian and Korean immigrants in New York. The two hypotheses that determine the major direction of inquiry are that (1) immigrant entrepreneurship strengthens ethnic attachment for all three Asian groups; (2) but that, mainly because of the differences in business patterns, combined with the differential levels of population diversity, among the three groups, immigrant entrepreneurship is likely to enhance Korean immigrants' ethnic solidarity whereas it may rather weaken Chinese and Indian immigrants' ethnic solidarity. A telephone survey involving about 300 Korean, 300 Chinese, and 300 Indian immigrants in New York City will be used to examine the effects on ethnic attachment, whereas a review of The New York Times articles and tape-recorded personal interviews with about 40 Chinese, 40 Indian and 20 Korean community, business, professional, and labor organization leaders in the New York-New Jersey area will be used to examine the effects on ethnic solidarity. This study will make a significant contribution to sociological knowledge by showing the effects of immigrant business patterns on two separate ethnic phenomena. The traditional sociological approach has focused on examining the effects of ethnic ties on immigrant entrepreneurship, neglecting to examine the effects in the opposite direction. The broader impacts of this project will include providing practically useful information about business patterns among the three Asian immigrant groups and training 16 Chinese, Indian, and Korean undergraduate and graduate students for sociological research on their own communities.