Collaborative Research: Effects of the Aggradation and Degradation of Ground Ice on the Evolution of Permafrost-Dominated Landscapes Under a Changing Climate

合作研究：气候变化下地冰的沉积和退化对多年冻土景观演化的影响

• 批准号: 0454985
• 负责人: Mark Jorgenson
• 金额: $ 26.09万
• 依托单位: ABR, Inc., Environmental Research and Services
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-04-15 至 2009-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0454985&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Effects; Aggradation; Degradation

Funds are provided to study the effects of ice aggradation and degradation on terrain evolution by: (1) investigating the crucial interactions of the active layer, upper permafrost and other components of ecosystems at 10 primary study sites in arctic and subarctic Alaska, (2) evaluating the modes of permafrost degradation as they relate to ground ice structures, (3) quantifying the variety, extent and rate of permafrost degradation across northern and central Alaska based on photointepretation of thermokarst at a large number (~500) of systematically distributed sampling points, (4) relating these changes to the local climatic geothermal histories, and (5) integrating this information into conceptual models of how permafrost-dominated landscapes will evolve in response to climate warming. Key to accomplishing these objectives will be the recognition of the intermediate layer of permafrost as an integral part of arctic ecosystems and that better knowledge of the linkage between the surface and permafrost is necessary for reliable prediction of how permafrost terrain will evolve in the future.The observed rapid warming of many regions of the Arctic is resulting in similarly rapid changes in the permafrost with dramatic negative consequences for societal infrastructure, e.g. roads, building foundations, pipelines. Strategic planning for the further development of these regions requires an understanding of permafrost evolution such as this project is designed to provide.

(1)在北极和亚北极阿拉斯加的10个主要研究地点调查活动层、上层冻土和生态系统其他组成部分的关键相互作用，(2)评估与地面冰结构有关的永久冻土退化模式，(3)根据大量(~500)系统分布的采样点的热岩溶光解译，量化阿拉斯加北部和中部永久冻土退化的种类、程度和速度，(4)将这些变化与当地气候地热历史联系起来，以及(5)将这些信息整合到以永久冻土为主的地貌将如何演变以应对气候变暖的概念模型中。实现这些目标的关键将是认识到多年冻土中间层是北极生态系统的组成部分，而更好地了解地表和永久冻土之间的联系对于可靠地预测未来永久冻土地形将如何演变是必要的。北极许多地区观测到的快速变暖正在导致永久冻土发生同样迅速的变化，对道路、建筑基础、管道等社会基础设施产生重大负面影响。这些地区进一步发展的战略规划需要了解永久冻土的演变，就像本项目旨在提供的那样。