Investigations on Dark Matter and Dark Energy

暗物质和暗能量的研究

• 批准号: 0456825
• 负责人: Paolo Gondolo
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Utah
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-07-01 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0456825&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Investigations; Dark; Matter; Energy

Cosmological observations using of a variety of different techniques have provided consistent measurements of the density of mass and energy in our Universe. These observations support a model of the universe in which the present amount of nucleons (or baryons) accounted for is only a fraction of the total amount of nucleons, the nucleons are only a part of the total amount of matter, and matter is only a part of the total mass-energy of the universe, most of it being in a mysterious form. Where are the missing nucleons? What is the non-baryonic matter? What constitutes the rest of the energy? These questions are the so-called dark matter and dark energy problems. The identification of dark matter and the understanding of dark energy are among the major open questions in physics, astrophysics, and cosmology. The research outlined in this proposal addresses theoretical and phenomenological aspects of these two problems using several tools: finding new models to explain the nature of the dark energy and ways to discriminate among them, studying the prospects of detecting non-baryonic dark matter in the light of recent astrophysical progress in the theory of galaxy formation, examining the formation of high concentrations of dark matter around galactic black holes, and using gravitational microlensing of unresolved stars to search for compact baryonic objects in nearby galaxies. The dark matter and dark energy problems provide abundant educational opportunities outside the traditional university setting. First, cosmology has always been of great appeal to the general public. Second, the research outlined in this proposal will use results from the largest galaxy surveys and will deal with modelsof black holes. Both topics can be used to produce attractive but scientifically sound visualizations of our location in the Universe and of a journey into a black hole, respectively. Such visualizations will then be in planetariums.

宇宙学观测使用了各种不同的技术，提供了对我们宇宙中质量和能量密度的一致测量。这些观测支持一种宇宙模型，即目前核子(或重子)的数量只占核子总数的一小部分，核子只是物质总量的一部分，物质只是宇宙总质量能量的一部分，其中大部分以神秘的形式存在。丢失的核子在哪里？什么是非重子物质？其余的能量是由什么构成的？这些问题就是所谓的暗物质和暗能量问题。暗物质的识别和对暗能量的理解是物理学、天体物理学和宇宙学中尚未解决的主要问题之一。该提案中概述的研究利用几种工具解决了这两个问题的理论和现象学方面的问题：找到新的模型来解释暗能量的性质和区分它们的方法，根据星系形成理论中最近的天体物理进展研究探测非重子暗物质的前景，检查星系黑洞周围高密度暗物质的形成，以及利用未分解恒星的引力微透镜来搜索附近星系中的致密重子天体。暗物质和暗能量问题提供了大量传统大学以外的教育机会。首先，宇宙学对普通大众的吸引力一直很大。其次，这项提案中概述的研究将使用最大的星系调查结果，并将处理黑洞模型。这两个主题都可以用来分别制作我们在宇宙中的位置和进入黑洞的旅程的诱人但科学合理的可视化图像。这样的可视化将在天文馆中出现。