Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and New Physics

暗物质、暗能量和新物理学

• 批准号: 2014075
• 负责人: Paolo Gondolo
• 金额: $ 54万
• 依托单位: University of Utah
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2014075&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dark; Matter; Energy; New; Physics

This award funds the research activities and outreach/community-engagement programs of Professors Paolo Gondolo and Pearl Sandick at the University of Utah. The nature of more than 70% of the energy in the universe and of more than 80% of its matter is unknown. The nature of this so-called "dark energy" and "dark matter" is a major open question in physics, astrophysics, and cosmology. Dark matter and dark energy have currently been detected only by means of the gravity they generate. Establishing the nature of dark matter and dark energy may have implications as wide as the Copernican revolution that moved the Earth's place in the Universe away from its center, this time by relegating the material substance of which humans are made to a minority component. Research in this area advances the national interest by promoting the progress of science in one of its most fundamental aspects: discovering the nature and composition of our physical universe. In their research, Professors Gondolo and Sandick aim to further our understanding of dark matter and advance our ability to sort various proposed theoretical ideas on the basis of their observable effects. They also aim to further our understanding of dark energy by exploring novel gravitational systems with components of the same nature. This project is also envisioned to have significant broader impacts. These include educating and exciting the local non-academic community about science as well as training early-career scientists. This project will also support a longstanding and successful outreach program at a local science museum and in local schools --- a program that reaches thousands of young students with the goal of attracting them to science in a fun, energetic, and engaging way --- so as to ultimately increase the number of responsible citizens and leaders who can address the major issues of our time with basic scientific knowledge. At the same time, this project supports efforts to recruit and retain talented women and minorities in the physical sciences through a suite of outreach and professional-development programs at the University of Utah, in the broader community, and at the national level.Technically, Professors Gondolo and Sandick will conduct individual research programs with elements in common. They will (a) explore theoretical explanations for the dark matter and dark energy in the Universe and for theories of new particle physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics; and (b) determine and suggest robust strategies for the identification of dark matter and, potentially, other new physics. These objectives will be achieved in many ways: through phenomenological studies of collider and dark-matter signatures in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model and in other simplified models, the development of the DarkSUSY software to cover generic weakly-interacting massive particle (WIMP) models, the pursuit of a minimal number of assumptions in the particle physics and astrophysics of dark matter (specifically astrophysics-independent methods and general interaction lagrangians), and the analysis of general-relativistic self-gravitating systems with negative pressure (a characteristic of dark energy).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项资助犹他州大学教授Paolo Gondolo和Pearl Sandick的研究活动和外展/社区参与计划。宇宙中超过70%的能量和超过80%的物质的性质是未知的。 这种所谓的“暗能量”和“暗物质”的性质是物理学、天体物理学和宇宙学中的一个主要悬而未决的问题。暗物质和暗能量目前只能通过它们产生的引力来探测。 确定暗物质和暗能量的性质可能会产生广泛的影响，就像哥白尼革命一样，哥白尼革命将地球在宇宙中的位置从其中心移开，这一次是通过将构成人类的物质降为少数成分。 这一领域的研究通过促进科学在其最基本的方面之一的进步来促进国家利益：发现我们物质宇宙的性质和组成。在他们的研究中，Gondolo教授和Sandick教授旨在进一步加深我们对暗物质的理解，并提高我们根据可观察到的效应对各种理论思想进行分类的能力。 他们还旨在通过探索具有相同性质成分的新引力系统来进一步了解暗能量。 预计该项目还将产生更广泛的重大影响。 这些措施包括教育和激发当地非学术界对科学以及培训早期职业科学家。 该项目还将支持当地科学博物馆和当地学校的一个长期和成功的推广计划-一个吸引数千名年轻学生的计划，目的是以有趣，充满活力和参与的方式吸引他们参与科学-以便最终增加负责任的公民和领导者的数量，他们可以用基本的科学知识解决我们时代的重大问题。 与此同时，该项目支持通过一套在犹他州大学，在更广泛的社区和国家层面的推广和专业发展计划，在物理科学领域招募和留住有才华的女性和少数民族的努力。在技术上，贡多洛教授和桑迪克教授将进行具有共同元素的个人研究计划。 他们将（a）探索宇宙中暗物质和暗能量的理论解释，以及超越粒子物理学标准模型的新粒子物理学理论;（B）确定并建议用于识别暗物质和潜在的其他新物理学的强大策略。 这些目标将通过多种方式实现：通过对最小超对称标准模型和其他简化模型中的对撞机和暗物质特征的唯象研究，开发DarkSUSY软件，以涵盖一般的弱相互作用大质量粒子（WIMP）模型，在暗物质的粒子物理学和天体物理学中追求最少数量的假设（特别是天体物理学独立的方法和一般相互作用拉格朗日），以及广义相对论负压自引力系统的分析（暗能量的一个特征）该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的评估被认为值得支持。影响审查标准。

项目成果

Physical interpretation of Newman-Janis rotating systems. I. A unique family of Kerr-Schild systems

纽曼-贾尼斯旋转系统的物理解释。

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.104.124066
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Beltracchi, Philip;Gondolo, Paolo
• 通讯作者: Gondolo, Paolo

Surface stress tensor and junction conditions on a rotating null horizon

旋转零水平面上的表面应力张量和结条件

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.105.024001
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Beltracchi, Philip;Gondolo, Paolo;Mottola, Emil
• 通讯作者: Mottola, Emil

Slowly rotating gravastars

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.105.024002
• 发表时间: 2021-07
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Philip Beltracchi;P. Gondolo;E. Mottola

Neutrino point source searches for dark matter spikes

• DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2022/08/065
• 发表时间: 2022-02
• 期刊: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
• 影响因子: 6.4
• 作者: K. Freese;Irina Galstyan;Pearl Sandick;Patrick Stengel

Physical interpretation of Newman-Janis rotating systems. II. General systems

纽曼-贾尼斯旋转系统的物理解释。

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.104.124067
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Beltracchi, Philip;Gondolo, Paolo
• 通讯作者: Gondolo, Paolo