Microscopic Theory of Nuclear and Hypernuclear Structure and Reactions

核和超核结构与反应的微观理论

• 批准号: 0456943
• 负责人: Dean Halderson
• 金额: $ 2.68万
• 依托单位: Western Michigan University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-08-01 至 2009-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0456943&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Microscopic; Theory; Nuclear; Hypernuclear; Structure

One of the primary goals of nuclear physics research is to determine how the constituents of a nucleus interact with each other and what phenomena occur due to these interactions. New opportunities to explore theseinteractions have emerged with the development of improved experimental techniques and facilities. For example, nuclei whose proton or neutron numbers are very different from those of naturally occuring isotopes are now studied with high intensity radioactive beams. A comparison of the expermental results from these facilities with the predictions of the proposed calculations will provide an understanding of the phenomena and their dependence on the underlying interaction. Such calculations also provide a guide for experimentalists by telling them which experiments will yield information on specific components of the interaction or which experiments will produce a desired phenomena. Many of these calculations will lead to a better understanding of the types of radiation emitted from stars and how elements are made inside stars. In addition, a theory of how the protons and neutrons that comprise a nucleus interact with each other can be extended to the interactions among protons, neutrons, and the many unstable particles that exist for only fractions of a second. Therefore, an additional task is to develop and test these more general interactions. It is likely that the particles that are unstable here on Earth can be stable under extreme conditions such as inside neutron stars and, therefore, alter the properties of neutron stars.

核物理研究的主要目标之一是确定原子核的组成成分如何相互作用，以及由于这些相互作用而发生的现象。 随着实验技术和设备的改进，探索这些相互作用的新机会已经出现。 例如，现在用高强度放射性束研究质子或中子数与自然产生的同位素非常不同的原子核。这些设施的实验结果与所提出的计算的预测的比较将提供对这些现象及其对潜在相互作用的依赖性的理解。 这种计算也为实验者提供了指导，告诉他们哪些实验将产生关于相互作用的特定成分的信息，或者哪些实验将产生期望的现象。 这些计算中的许多将导致更好地理解恒星发射的辐射类型以及恒星内部元素是如何形成的。 此外，关于构成原子核的质子和中子如何相互作用的理论可以扩展到质子、中子和许多只存在几分之一秒的不稳定粒子之间的相互作用。 因此，一个额外的任务是开发和测试这些更一般的相互作用。 在地球上不稳定的粒子可能在极端条件下（如中子星内部）是稳定的，因此改变了中子星的性质。