Microscopic Theory of Many-Particle Systems from Nuclear Physics to Cold Atoms

从核物理到冷原子的多粒子系统微观理论

• 批准号: 0969790
• 负责人: Gordon Baym
• 金额: $ 70.5万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-15 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0969790&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Microscopic; Theory; Many; Particle; Systems

This award continues an ongoing program to develop fundamental theories of many-particle systems, ranging from nuclei and nuclear matter to cold atoms, with applications to astrophysical and condensed matter systems. A major focus is on understanding new states of matter formed under extreme conditions, especially quark gluon plasmas produced in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions. The program applies nuclear theory to neutron stars and supernovae, with the aim of understanding observations and, conversely, using observations to learn the properties of matter. The research on atomic Bose-Einstein and superfluid Fermi systems, a vital facet of the study of unusual states of matter, focusses on atomic states at low temperature, as well as under extreme rotation. This research also makes important interdisciplinary connections between ultracold atomic systems and dense nuclear matter. The nuclear and atomic systems being studied are very unusual many-particle systems which provide broad intellectual insights. By working across the boundaries between nuclear and atomic physics this program enables the building of bridges and cross-fertilization between the hottest and coldest many-particle systems in the universe. A vital component of this research program is the education of young scientists who, through the broad training they receive and their intimate involvement in the research of the PI's and colleagues, develop the ability to combine nuclear, particle, astro, condensed matter and cold atom physics research on forefront problems. The scientists trained in this program have generally gone on to have significant impact in research at U.S. universities and national laboratories, as well as abroad.

该奖项继续了一个正在进行的项目，旨在发展从原子核和核物质到冷原子的多粒子系统的基本理论，并将其应用于天体物理学和凝聚态物质系统。一个主要的焦点是了解在极端条件下形成的物质的新状态，特别是在超相对论性重离子碰撞中产生的夸克胶子等离子体。该项目将核理论应用于中子星和超新星，目的是理解观测结果，反过来，利用观测结果来了解物质的性质。原子玻色-爱因斯坦和超流体费米系统的研究是研究物质异常状态的一个重要方面，主要集中在低温和极端旋转下的原子状态。这项研究还在超冷原子系统和致密核物质之间建立了重要的跨学科联系。正在研究的核和原子系统是非常不寻常的多粒子系统，它提供了广泛的知识见解。通过跨越核物理和原子物理之间的界限，该计划能够在宇宙中最热和最冷的多粒子系统之间建立桥梁和交叉受精。这项研究计划的一个重要组成部分是对年轻科学家的教育，他们通过接受广泛的培训，并密切参与PI和同事的研究，培养了将核、粒子、天文学、凝聚态物质和冷原子物理研究结合起来研究前沿问题的能力。在这个项目中接受培训的科学家一般都在美国大学和国家实验室以及国外的研究中产生了重大影响。