Microscopic Theory of Nuclear and Hypernuclear Structure and Reactions

核和超核结构与反应的微观理论

• 批准号: 0855339
• 负责人: Dean Halderson
• 金额: $ 2.44万
• 依托单位: Western Michigan University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0855339&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Microscopic; Theory; Nuclear; Hypernuclear; Structure

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).A vast array of elementary particles has been discovered in high energy experiments. The primary goals of this present research are to investigate the properties of these particles, to determine how the particles interact with each other, how the interactions are modified by the environment, and what objects can be constructed by forming groups of these particles. The research involves the very small and the very large. For instance, the elusive neutrino, with its tiny mass, can change from one type to another as it travels through space, but one needs to understand why it appears to do this much more frequently than standard theory predicts. Proposed calculations for neutrino scattering from Carbon-12 should help to understand this result. On a large scale, stars are giant nuclear reactors and the rates of these reactions will be calculated to understand how stars evolve. Sometimes the very small can affect the very large. Some short-lived particles with a property called strangeness may not decay when formed in neutron stars. This would create new, even more dense objects, strange stars. However, to predict what objects can be created, one must have a theory of how the particles interact with each other. This task leads to the area of hypernuclear physics in which strange particles reside inside nuclei. Calculations for the structure and creation rates of hypernuclei will be used to develop these interactions. This work provides many examples of current applications of physics principles for introductory physics courses. It is also a source of special projects for juniors and seniors and topics for doctoral dissertations. It not only provides research experience in physics, but also in large scale computing. These skills can be applied in many professions.

该奖项是根据 2009 年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法 111-5）资助的。在高能实验中发现了大量基本粒子。 本研究的主要目标是研究这些粒子的特性，以确定粒子如何相互作用，环境如何改变相互作用，以及通过形成这些粒子的群体可以构造什么物体。 研究涉及非常小的和非常大的。 例如，质量极小的难以捉摸的中微子在穿越太空时可以从一种类型转变为另一种类型，但人们需要理解为什么它的这种变化似乎比标准理论预测的要频繁得多。 拟议的碳 12 中微子散射计算应该有助于理解这一结果。 在大范围内，恒星是巨大的核反应堆，将计算这些反应的速率以了解恒星如何演化。 有时，很小的事情也会影响很大的事情。 一些具有奇异特性的短寿命粒子在中子星中形成时可能不会衰变。 这将创造出新的、密度更大的天体，即奇怪的恒星。 然而，为了预测可以创建什么物体，我们必须有一种关于粒子如何相互作用的理论。 这项任务引出了超核物理领域，其中奇怪的粒子存在于原子核内。超核的结构和生成速率的计算将用于开发这些相互作用。 这项工作提供了物理原理在入门物理课程中的当前应用的许多示例。它也是大三和大四特殊项目以及博士论文主题的来源。 它不仅提供物理学方面的研究经验，还提供大规模计算方面的研究经验。 这些技能可以应用于许多职业。