International Research Fellowship Program: Hydraulic Conductance and Safety: Important Components of Plant Trait Spectra

国际研究奖学金计划：水力传导和安全：植物性状谱的重要组成部分

• 批准号: 0502253
• 负责人: Amy Zanne
• 金额: $ 14.04万
• 依托单位: Zanne Amy E
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-07-01 至 2008-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0502253&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: International; Research; Fellowship; Program; Hydraulic

0502253ZanneThe International Research Fellowship Program enables U.S. scientists and engineers to conduct three to twenty-four months of research abroad. The program's awards provide opportunities for joint research, and the use of unique or complementary facilities, expertise and experimental conditions abroad.This award will support a twenty-two-month research fellowship by Dr. Amy E. Zanne to work with Dr. Mark Westoby at Macquarie University in Australia for eleven months, and with Dr. David Ackerly at the University of California, Berkeley for eleven months.Existing theory suggests xylem hydraulic conductance (related to vessel diameter) should be negatively related to mechanical strength (related to wood density and vessel wall thickness) and the ability to avoid drought-induced embolisms (air bubbles blocking water flow). It is unclear whether these hydraulic traits are tightly linked to the orthogonal spectra of leaf and twig size or leaf structure and longevity, or whether they represent their own major spectrum of trait variation. This 22-month project quantifies how these traits differ across seasons, annual rainfall, and species biogeographic histories. It also examines relationships between plant hydraulics and these other major spectra. Studies of plant trait spectra form the basis for much of the work in the Westoby and Ackerly labs. The project will be conducted at sites along a coastal to inland rainfall gradient in New South Wales, Australia, and hydraulic traits will be measured during two summer and winter seasons. Many key leaf properties have already been documented at these sites (e.g. leaf lifespan, structure, size, nutrient content, and gas exchange rates), making them ideal locations for this project. The project will entail three steps. First, trait variation will be evaluated relative to site rainfall and season. Second, species plasticity will be examined on seedlings of species from the two sites varying widely in hydraulic properties. Finally, species traits will be compared across sites in Australia based on species biogeographic histories, using analyses from Ackerly's lab. Dr. Westoby will support field and laboratory research in Australia, and Dr. Ackerly will support biogeographic analyses.This project builds important conceptual bridges between plant hydraulics and other key plant trait spectra and will complement ongoing projects in Australia (Westoby) and California (Ackerly). It will substantially increase understanding of plant responses to changing environments (relevant for predicting global climate change impacts).

0502253zannethe国际研究奖学金计划使美国科学家和工程师能够在国外进行三到二十四个月的研究。 该计划的奖项为联合研究提供了机会，并使用独特或补充设施，专业知识和实验条件在国外。该奖项将支持艾米·E·Zanne博士与澳大利亚澳大利亚麦格理大学的麦格理大学的马克·韦斯托比（Mark Westoby）博士合作的二十二个月研究奖学金，并在澳大利亚的埃尔维尔（Eleven）月份与贝尔克·阿克（Califore）的David Ackerely selly syleries sylers sylers syleries selly sexyl selem selem selem s。电导率（与血管直径有关）应与机械强度（与木质密度和容器壁厚有关）以及避免干旱引起的栓塞（气泡阻断水流）的能力负相关。目前尚不清楚这些液压性状是否与叶子和树枝大小或叶子结构和寿命的正交光谱紧密相关，或者它们是否代表了自己的主要性状变化谱。这个22个月的项目量化了这些特征在各个季节，年降雨和物种生物地理历史之间的不同之处。它还研究了植物液压技术与这些其他主要光谱之间的关系。 植物特征光谱的研究构成了Westoby和Ackerly Labs中许多工作的基础。该项目将在新南威尔士州，澳大利亚新南威尔士州的沿海地区到内陆降雨梯度进行，在两个夏季和冬季将测量水力特征。已经在这些站点（例如叶子寿命，结构，大小，营养含量和气体汇率）记录了许多关键的叶子特性，使其成为该项目的理想位置。该项目将需要三个步骤。首先，将相对于现场降雨和季节来评估性状变化。 其次，将在液压特性中的两个地点的物种幼苗上检查物种可塑性。最后，使用Ackerly's Lab的分析，将根据物种生物地理学历史比较澳大利亚的物种特征。 Westoby博士将支持澳大利亚的现场和实验室研究，Ackerly博士将支持生物地理分析。该项目在植物液压和其他关键植物特征光谱之间建立重要的概念桥梁，并将补充澳大利亚（Westoby）和加利福尼亚州（Ackerly）的正在进行的项目。它将大大增加对植物对不断变化环境的反应的理解（与预测全球气候变化的影响有关）。