CAREER: Influences of plant traits on wood decomposition rates across scales: From fungal microbe communities to carbon turnover

职业：植物性状对不同尺度木材分解率的影响：从真菌微生物群落到碳周转

• 批准号: 1051119
• 负责人: Amy Zanne
• 金额: $ 78.01万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Saint Louis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-03-01 至 2013-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1051119&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Influences; plant; traits; wood

Forest systems contain approximately half of the carbon held on the planet. Much of this forest carbon is locked up in woody stems either in living plants or as dead wood fallen on the ground. The rate that carbon is released from wood back into the atmosphere has large implications for global climate change. Climate also influences both decomposition rates of wood and forest tree mortality. Variation in how wood is chemically and physically constructed by trees regulates each of these relationships. This project is part of a long-term career goal to determine the influence of plant anatomy, chemistry, and functional traits, e.g., density of wood, height of trees, on rates of wood decomposition. This project focuses on temperate forests of the Ozark Highlands, MO, USA, one of the largest forested ecosystems between the Rocky and Appalachian Mountains. The project is developed around three interrelated themes. Variation in tree traits will be related to variation in decomposition rates, this variation will be linked to changes in the fungal community (the predominant cause of wood decomposition and thus carbon release from wood), and variation in decomposition rates will be scaled up to variation in carbon release across the landscape. The three themes will be linked together to explore possible management implications. The University of Missouri - St. Louis, which has a predominantly metropolitan student body, lacks any field courses in its undergraduate biology curriculum. As part of this project researchers will develop an undergraduate research course, focusing on the diversity of ecological interactions among plants, fungi, insects and other taxa, and human impacts on these taxa. This course will have field and laboratory components and will bring students into contact with local naturalists and the biodiversity of the region.

森林系统含有地球上大约一半的碳。这些森林中的碳大部分被锁定在活植物的木质茎中，或者是落在地上的枯木。碳从木材中释放回大气的速度对全球气候变化有很大的影响。气候也影响木材的分解率和林木死亡率。树木在化学和物理上构造木材的方式的变化调节着这些关系中的每一个。该项目是长期职业目标的一部分，以确定植物解剖学，化学和功能性状的影响，例如，木材的密度，树木的高度，对木材分解率的影响。 该项目的重点是美国密苏里州欧扎克高地的温带森林，这是落基山脉和阿巴拉契亚山脉之间最大的森林生态系统之一。该项目围绕三个相互关联的主题展开。 树木性状的变化将与分解速率的变化有关，这种变化将与真菌群落的变化（木材分解的主要原因，因此木材中的碳释放）有关，分解速率的变化将扩大到整个景观中的碳释放变化。这三个主题将联系在一起，探讨可能涉及的管理问题。密苏里州-圣路易斯大学的学生主要来自大城市，在本科生物课程中缺乏任何实地课程。 作为该项目的一部分，研究人员将开发一个本科研究课程，重点是植物，真菌，昆虫和其他类群之间的生态相互作用的多样性，以及人类对这些类群的影响。 本课程将有实地和实验室的组成部分，并将使学生接触当地的自然和该地区的生物多样性。