SGER: Fringelites: Fossil Organic Molecules as a Proxy for Phylogeny in Paleozoic Crinoids

古生代海藓属有机分子化石的系统发育分析[j]。Ausich和y - p。爱荷华州勒格兰（早期密西西比时期）的海百合化石以其保存完好和特有的物种颜色而闻名。类似的颜色趋势也出现在印第安纳州波登群（密西西比系）的海百合中，以及北美和欧洲的其他地区，但这些趋势背后的原因和这些信息的应用之前没有被调查过。无机色素通常是化石中不寻常颜色的原因，但在这种情况下，物种特有的颜色是由于有机分子造成的，并不完全是生物分类过程的遗物。仅从色调，色度和饱和度观察，这些海百合分类到它们的形态确定的系统发育组。因此，负责着色的分子可以作为系统发育重建的代理。来自北美和欧洲多个地区的可识别的基板和放射状板将被测试是否存在生物标记分子。选择用于分析的标本在几个分类水平上测试枝特异性生物标志物的差异。本文将对几种海百合化石的水萃取物进行显色性有机分子的光谱数据分析，并采用UV-Vis（紫外-可见光谱学）、GC-MS（气相色谱-质谱法）和荧光法获得光谱数据。对古生代和中生代海百合中有机分子的初步研究表明存在取代蒽醌分子。将对提取物中的复杂分子进行分析，以作为系统发育分析的可追踪特征。此外，将基于生物标记和遗传标记（DNA）构建现代海百合系统发育树，并与历史上对现代海百合系统发育的认识进行比较，检验三棵树之间的一致性，以确定化石中生物标记分子作为解释海百合系统发育的辅助工具的适用性。最终，pi的目标是设计一种方法，在特定的海百合和该物种特有的生物标志物指数之间建立某种相关性。

SGER: Fringelites: Fossil Organic Molecules as a Proxy for Phylogenetic Analysis in Paleozoic CrinoidsW.I. Ausich and Y.-P. ChinOhio State UniversityEAR-0514203ABSTRACTFossil crinoids from LeGrand Iowa (Early Mississippian) are famous for their excellent preservation and characteristic species-specific coloration. Similar trends in color occur among crinoids from the Borden Group (Mississippian) of Indiana, as well as other locations across North America and Europe, but the reasons behind these trends and applications of this information have not previously been investigated. Inorganic pigments are usually the cause of unusual coloration in fossils, but in this case the species-specific coloration is due to organic molecules and is not entirely a relic of taphonomic processes. From hue, chroma and saturation observations alone, these crinoids sort into their morphologically determined phylogenetic groupings. Therefore, the molecules responsible for the colorations are candidates to function as a proxy for phylogenetic reconstruction. Identifiable basal and radial plates from multiple localities in North America and Europe will be tested for the presence of biomarker molecules. Specimens for analysis were selected to test for clade-specific biomarker distinctions at several taxonomic levels. Spectroscopic data of chromophoric organic molecules will be analyzed for aqueous extracts for several species of fossil crinoids and spectral data will be obtained by UV-Vis (Ultraviolet-Visible Light Spectroscopy), GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) and Fluorometry. Preliminary work on the organic molecules in Paleozoic and Mesozoic crinoids indicates the presence of substituted anthraquinone molecules. Complex molecules in the extracts will be analyzed for their utility as trackable characters for phylogenetic analysis. Additionally, two phylogenetic trees will be constructed for modern crinoids based on biomarkers and genetic markers (DNA), then compared to the historical understanding of modern crinoid phylogeny to test for congruence among the three trees to determine the applicability of using biomarker molecules in fossils as an aid in interpreting crinoid phylogeny. Ultimately, PIs' goal is to devise a means for establishing some correlation between a specific crinoid and a biomarker index unique to that species.