Eye-Safe Polarization Diversity Lidar for Aerosol Assessment

这项提议将开发一种移动的、扫描的、眼睛安全的激光雷达(光探测和测距)，以充分应用激光后向散射去偏振技术来远程表征大气中悬浮的气溶胶。尽管即使是简单的激光雷达也可以有效地探测大气气溶胶并绘制其垂直和空间分布图，但出于眼睛安全的考虑，严重限制了它们在该领域的应用。众所周知，线性去偏振测量提供了独特的能力来探测云和气溶胶的性质并对其进行分类，将使用改进的双通道移动激光雷达系统获得各种此类数据。这种激光雷达毫不含糊地将球形和非球形粒子分开，并进一步对不规则粒子的确切形状敏感。激光雷达系统将通过在阿拉斯加采集已知气溶胶类型的样本进行实地评估，如运输的亚洲沙漠沙尘、北极雾霾、冰雾、树木花粉、森林火灾烟雾、内燃机副产品和海雾。此外，系统设计将适应圆形和完全斯托克斯参数的后向散射，以供未来的应用，以充分评估人眼安全的偏振分集激光雷达研究领域。该项目将创建一个移动激光雷达研究设施，它将发展成为一个先进的试验台，用于研究激光雷达偏振技术在气溶胶和云研究中的应用。该项目将帮助培训一名激光雷达领域的研究生，并为培训气象实验员做出贡献。未来重要的扫描研究可能应用于森林火灾、城市污染源以及云和降水的空间变异性的观测。偏振激光雷达技术在识别大气中悬浮颗粒物的性质方面具有独特的潜力。许多气溶胶目标在检测危险物质方面都有类似的方法。

ABSTRACTNSF 0515977This proposal will develop a mobile, scanning, eye-safe lidar (light detection and ranging) to fully apply the laser backscatter depolarization technique to the remote characterization of aerosols suspended in the atmosphere. Although even simple lidars can be effective at detecting atmospheric aerosols and mapping their vertical and spatial distributions, eye-safety concerns severely limit their application in the field. It is well established that linear depolarization measurements offer unique capabilities to detect and classify the nature of clouds and aerosols, and a variety of such data will be obtained using an improved two-channel mobile lidar system. Such lidars unambiguously separate spherical from nonspherical particles, and further are sensitive to the exact shape of irregular particles. The lidar system will be evaluated in the field by sampling known aerosol types in Alaska such as transported Asian desert dust, Arctic haze, ice fog, tree pollens, forest fire smoke,internal combustion engine by-products, and sea spray. In addition, the system design will accommodate circular and complete Stokes parameterization of the backscattering for future applications to fully evaluate the eye-safe polarization diversity lidar research field. This project will create a mobile lidar research facility that will grow into an advanced test-bed for studying the application of lidar polarization techniques to aerosol and cloud research. The project will help train a graduate student in the lidar field and contribute to the training of meteorological experimentalists. Important future scanning research applications are possible in the observation of forest fires, urban pollution sources, and the spatial variability of clouds and precipitation. Polarization lidar techniques have unique potential for identifying the nature of particles suspended in the atmosphere. Many of the aerosol targets have analogs in the detection of hazardous materials.