Continuity and Change in American Economic and Social Life: The PSID 2007-2011

美国经济和社会生活的连续性和变化：PSID 2007-2011

• 批准号: 0518943
• 负责人: Charles Brown
• 金额: $ 1422.44万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-01 至 2014-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0518943&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Continuity; Change; American; Economic; Social

The Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) is the world's longest running nationally representative panel survey. With nearly forty years of data on the same families and their descendents, the PSID can justly be considered a cornerstone of the data infrastructure for empirically-based social science research in the US and the world. Through its long-term measures of economic and social well being, and based on its weighted, representative sample of US families, the study has compelled both researchers and policy makers to confront and learn from the dynamism inherent in social and behavioral processes. The long panel, genealogical blood-line, and broad content of the data represent a unique and powerful opportunity to study evolution and change within the same families over a considerable time span. With its state-of-the-art facility to create customized data sets and codebooks including the possibility of transforming data into intergenerational and family-based analytic files, PSID's data archive has become among the world's most advanced and heavily used. The proposed activities include: data collection of the thirty-fifth through thirty-seventh waves of data from the PSID families; the ongoing refinement of questionnaire content to facilitate the investigation of current and emerging scientific research and policy questions; and the continued development of data use tools and resources for the state-of-the-art PSID web site and data center that will expedite the processing and delivery of data, and enhance its use by an increasingly multidisciplinary scientific community, without regard for geography. Continuing to collect additional waves of data from the PSID families will contribute broadly to the enhancement of scientific understanding by providing additional information on the dynamics of human and social behavior. Using these data, researchers can systematically investigate a myriad of questions in a variety of scientific disciplines involving the study of life-cycle opportunities and trajectories over time. Having a long panel of data improves the precision of the measurement as multiple measures are collected within the same families as well as from multiple family members over a period of many decades. The extended time series of data allows the estimation of robust, causal models and supports the study of economic behavior, for example, through changing conditions such as wage variations for different populations during the course of business cycles. In addition, the longitudinal data facilitate the conduct of cohort analysis as persons from one time period to another may be compared. These data also facilitate developmental analysis, as early experiences may be used to predict longer-term outcomes, such as the prediction of income and health in adulthood from early-life experiences. Additionally, the data archive itself is a valuable and powerful educational resource. The webbased data center has been used in the classroom setting at the university undergraduate and secondary school levels to illustrate basic concepts in scientific methods, including the composition of data, how it is structured, how different data can be linked together, and how data can be analyzed to make inferences about human behavior using statistical methodologies. The portrayal of these abstract concepts via a concrete mechanism such as a computer display of actual data and its manipulation via the Internet makes a powerful and easy-to-understand lesson for today's computer-savvy students. The tutorials provided on the website have been tested in the classroom and are used to further implement the educational mission of the data center. As described throughout the application, another broad impact of these proposed activities will be to maximize the use of an expanded data source by creating state-of-the-art tools for research and education and making them available freely on the Internet to all users without regard to geographic location. This free and open access of the data, easy-to-use data and data tools, as well as expanded content domains, will increase the opportunities for scientific progress and promote teaching and learning across a range of disciplines. The intellectual merits of the proposed activities include the theoretical significance of research that results from breakthroughs made by the expanded data archive in the multidisciplinary areas of human dynamics and development. The project team is highly qualified to conduct the proposed work, with an average across all team members of nearly 10 years experience working on the PSID. The likelihood that the activities proposed will in fact result in increases in scientific knowledge is strong, as the application describes.

收入动态小组研究(PSID)是世界上运行时间最长的具有国家代表性的小组调查。PSID拥有近40年的相同家族及其后代的数据，可以理所当然地被视为美国和世界基于经验的社会科学研究的数据基础设施的基石。通过对经济和社会福祉的长期衡量，并基于其加权的、具有代表性的美国家庭样本，这项研究迫使研究人员和政策制定者直面并学习社会和行为过程中固有的活力。长长的专家小组、家谱血统和广泛的数据内容代表了一个独特而强大的机会，可以研究同一个家族在相当长一段时间内的进化和变化。凭借其创建定制数据集和码本的最先进设施，包括将数据转换为代际和基于家庭的分析文件的可能性，PSID的数据档案已成为世界上最先进和使用量最大的数据档案之一。拟议的活动包括：从PSID家族收集第三十五至三十七波数据；不断完善问卷内容，以便利调查当前和正在出现的科学研究和政策问题；继续为PSID最先进的网站和数据中心开发数据使用工具和资源，以加快数据的处理和交付，并加强越来越多学科的科学界对数据的使用，而不考虑地理位置。继续从PSID家庭收集更多的数据，将通过提供关于人类和社会行为动态的更多信息，广泛地促进对科学的理解。使用这些数据，研究人员可以系统地调查各种科学学科中的无数问题，涉及研究生命周期机会和随时间变化的轨迹。拥有一组长的数据可以提高测量的精度，因为在几十年的时间里，在同一个家庭内以及从多个家庭成员那里收集了多个测量数据。扩展的数据时间序列允许估计稳健的因果模型，并支持对经济行为的研究，例如通过改变条件，如在商业周期过程中不同人口的工资变化。此外，纵向数据便于进行队列分析，因为可以对不同时间段的人进行比较。这些数据还有助于发展分析，因为早期经验可以用来预测较长期的结果，例如根据早期生活经验预测成年后的收入和健康。此外，数据档案本身是一种宝贵而强大的教育资源。基于网络的数据中心已用于大学、本科生和中学的课堂环境，以说明科学方法的基本概念，包括数据的组成、如何构建、如何将不同的数据联系在一起，以及如何使用统计方法分析数据以推断人类行为。通过一种具体的机制来描绘这些抽象的概念，例如通过计算机显示实际数据并通过互联网对其进行操作，为今天精通计算机的学生提供了一堂强大而易懂的课程。网站上提供的教程已在课堂上进行了测试，用于进一步落实数据中心的教育使命。正如在整个申请过程中所述，这些拟议活动的另一个广泛影响将是最大限度地利用扩大的数据源，方法是创建最先进的研究和教育工具，并在因特网上向所有用户免费提供这些工具，而不分地理位置。这种免费和开放的数据获取、易于使用的数据和数据工具，以及扩大的内容领域，将增加科学进步的机会，促进一系列学科的教与学。拟议活动的学术价值包括扩大的数据档案在人类动力学和发展多学科领域取得的突破所产生的研究的理论意义。项目团队有很高的资格进行拟议的工作，平均所有团队成员都有近10年的PSID工作经验。正如申请书所描述的那样，拟议的活动实际上将导致科学知识增加的可能性很大。