HSD SGER: Physical and Social Infrastructure Impacts and Interdependencies in the December 2004 Tsunami in Southern Thailand

这项探索性研究小额赠款将使研究小组能够收集有关泰国南部沿海地区在2004年12月海啸后恢复情况的重要数据。这项研究将采用一种耦合系统方法，这种方法假定受影响地区的社会、政治、经济和人口特征在系统意义上是相互依存的。这些数据将用于测试物理系统和社会系统之间耦合假设的模型。2004年12月发生在南亚的海啸给泰国南部造成了巨大的物质和社会损失。这项工作将集中在可用于将系统科学原理应用于复杂的社会技术关系的易变质数据的收集上。这种跨学科的方法是新颖的，可以用来定义和量化迄今为止只是轶事的物理系统和社会系统之间的关系。社会科学和工程科学都将通过检验在发展中国家的经济部门中发展和应用的假设而受益。这项研究将有助于发展关于个人、群体和组织行为的基本知识，以及它们如何在正式的系统环境中与物理基础设施相互作用。它还将提供更现实的模型，用于测试各种组织和操作实践。它将为今后研究这种规模的灾害奠定基础。这些数据将被放置在地震工程系统网络（NEES）的数据存储库中。通过这种方式，该项目将为NEES在海啸建模和损失估计方面的其他工作提供数据。这项关于物质和社会基础设施相互依赖所起作用的研究，对于自然灾害机构的管理人员和政府官员，以及在应急管理课程中向学生教授这些材料的学者来说，将非常有用。这次灾难的教训也将与美国相关，特别是在可能受到飓风、龙卷风、地震、火山活动和海啸等自然灾害影响的地区。该项目被资助为SGER，因为要收集的数据容易损坏。特别是，它将在自然灾害恢复阶段直接观察物质基础设施和社会基础设施之间的相互关系。因为在事件发生后的几周或几个月里，单个告密者的记忆的准确性会迅速下降，所以在灾难最严重的阶段之后，尽可能快地收集这些信息是至关重要的。这项研究得到了人类与社会动力学（HSD）优先领域、国际科学与工程办公室（OISE）和地震工程模拟网络（NEES）计划的联合支持。

This Small Grant for Exploratory Research will allow the team of researchers to collect perishable data regarding the recovery of coastal southern Thailand after the December 2004 tsunami. The research will be informed by a coupled systems approach, which assumes that the aggregate social, political, economic and demographic characteristics of the affected areas are interdependent in a systems sense. The data will be used in models that test the hypothesis of coupling between physical and social systems.The December 2004 tsunami in south Asia did considerable physical and social damage to southern Thailand. This effort will focus on the collection of perishable data that can be used to apply the principles of systems science to complex sociotechnological relationships. This interdisciplinary approach is novel and can serve to define and quantify relationships between physical and social systems that have heretofore been only anecdotal. Both the social and engineering sciences will benefit by testing hypotheses developed and applied in economic sectors in a developing country.This research will assist in the development of basic knowledge about individual, group, and organizational behaviors and how they interplay with physical infrastructures in a formal systems context. It will also inform more realistic models, with which to test various organizational and operating practices. It will provide a foundation for future research on disasters of this magnitude. The data will be placed in a data repository of the Network for Earthquake Engineering Systems (NEES). In this way, the project will provide data for other NEES efforts in tsunami modeling and loss estimation. This research on the role played by physical and social infrastructure interdependencies will be of considerable usefulness to managers and government officials in natural hazards agencies, and to scholars who teach this material to students in emergency management courses. The lessons of this disaster also will be relevant to the United States, especially in areas potentially impacted by natural hazards such as, hurricanes, tornados, earthquakes, volcanism, and tsunamisThis project is being funded as an SGER because of the perishability of the data to be collected. In particular, it will provide direct observation of the interrelationships between the physical and social infrastructures during the recovery phase of a natural disaster. Because the accuracy of individual informants' memories falls off very quickly in the weeks and months after an event, it is crucial that this information be gathered as soon as practicable after the acute phase of the disaster.This research is supported jointly by the Human and Social Dynamics (HSD) priority area, the Office of International Science and Engineering (OISE), and the Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) Program.