DNA at 50: History and Memory of Scientific Discovery in a Comparative Context

50 岁的 DNA：比较背景下科学发现的历史和记忆

• 批准号: 0526513
• 负责人: PNINA ABIR-AM
• 金额: $ 12万
• 依托单位: ABIRAM PNINA G
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-15 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0526513&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DNA; 50; History; Memory; Scientific

Project SummaryDNA at 50:History and Memory of Scientific Discovery in a Comparative Context.This project explores the changing relationship between history and memory, as it pertains to a major scientific discovery - the structure of DNA, in a dual, temporal and spatial, comparative context. First, the project documents, analyzes, and compares the changing memories of the discovery as publicly conveyed at anniversaries of DNA structure over time, i.e. from the small size, science dominated 21st anniversary in 1974, to the medium size, policy dominated 40th anniversary in 1993, and the large scale, global society dominated50th anniversary in 2003. The project seeks to explain the changing memories of this discovery over time, during the last half a century, as a function of: 1) The shifting scientific frontier in molecular biology; 2) The changing interface between science and society as a result of the major social impact of molecular biology's applications in the biotech industry and the Human Genome projects; 3) Cultural change, or a growing sensitivity to issues of gender, race, andpower disparities in both science and society, with special attention given to US, UK, and EU. The intellectual merit of the proposal pertains to its ability to shed light on the complex formation of collective memory in science in the second half of the 20th Century, while further clarifying the relationship between the changing collective memory of the discovery of DNA structure, its history, and the public policy related to DNA research. The project also clarifies the role of scientists, science writers/ educators/ policy analysts, artists, cultural critics, and historians, in shaping how a scientific discovery should be remembered and represented two generations later.The broader impact of the proposal derives from its plan to construct an interactive website, so as to effectively disseminate a comprehensive study of history, memory andcommemorative practices in science, a new topic that illuminates the origins and impact of scientific discoveries at the dawn of the 21st Century. Providing online access to newlyavailable documents, visual/ audio interviews, as well as stimulating public debate on the role of history and memory in science will enable scientists, educators, and policy analysts toenrich their agendas by including lessons from detailed historical case studies.

项目概要DNA在50：历史和记忆的科学发现在比较的背景下。这个项目探讨了历史和记忆之间不断变化的关系，因为它涉及到一个重大的科学发现-DNA的结构，在一个双重的，时间和空间，比较的背景下。首先，该项目记录，分析和比较随着时间的推移，在DNA结构周年纪念日公开传达的发现记忆的变化，即从1974年科学主导的21周年纪念日到1993年政策主导的40周年纪念日，以及2003年全球社会主导的50周年纪念日。该项目试图解释这一发现在过去半个世纪中随着时间的推移而不断变化的记忆，作为一个功能：1）分子生物学的科学前沿不断变化; 2）由于分子生物学在生物技术工业和人类基因组项目中的应用对社会的重大影响，科学与社会之间的界面不断变化; 3）文化变革，或对科学和社会中的性别，种族和权力差异问题日益敏感，特别关注美国，英国和欧盟。该提案的学术价值在于它能够阐明世纪后半叶科学中集体记忆的复杂形成，同时进一步澄清DNA结构发现的不断变化的集体记忆，其历史和与DNA研究相关的公共政策之间的关系。该项目还阐明了科学家、科学作家/教育工作者/政策分析家、艺术家、文化批评家和历史学家在塑造一项科学发现如何被两代人记住和代表方面的作用。该提案的更广泛影响来自其建设一个互动网站的计划，以便有效地传播对科学中历史、记忆和纪念做法的全面研究，一个新的主题，阐明了科学发现的起源和影响，在21世纪的黎明世纪。提供在线访问新可用的文件，视频/音频访谈，以及激发公众对历史和记忆在科学中的作用的辩论，将使科学家，教育工作者和政策分析师能够通过从详细的历史案例研究中吸取教训来丰富他们的议程。