An Analysis of the Discovery of RNA Splicing with a Focus on Epistemic and Social Justice

以认知和社会正义为重点的 RNA 剪接发现分析

• 批准号: 1755024
• 负责人: PNINA ABIR-AM
• 金额: $ 17.72万
• 依托单位: ABIRAM PNINA G
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-01 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1755024&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Analysis; Discovery; RNA; Splicing; Focus

This award supports a research project that will provide a history of the discovery of RNA splicing. The researcher will address a lacuna in the historiography of molecular biology by increasing its analytical content on RNA, which has long remained overshadowed by a preponderance of historical and social science research on DNA, genomics, and proteomics. In doing so, she will examine the impact of gender, ethnicity, and age bias thereby offering further clarification of the persisting underrepresentation of women and minorities in science; she will do so by documenting how those participants were deprived of epistemic justice, even when they played an indispensable role in a major discovery in one of four key labs. Project results will be disseminated via presentations at pertinent professional society meetings. They will also be the subject of a monograph which documents and compares the actual history of those who participated in the discovery as co-authors (whether woman, foreign, junior, or senior scientist) in one of the four labs. Results will also be posted on a blog, which provides crowd sourcing opportunities and links to high traffic websites. In addition, the researcher will collaborate with a playwright to write and produce a play inspired by her research results; the play will articulate the intertwined moral dilemmas of scientific progress and social justice.The researcher will use historical and sociological methods including archival research on the personal papers and institutional records of deceased co-authors, in-depth oral history with surviving co-authors, sociological analysis of collaborative publication patterns pursued by various co-author categories, historical ethnography of anniversary events (such as conferences held to mark the 40th anniversary of this discovery), and content analysis of scientific publications (largely though not entirely from the 1970s).The project further utilizes the 40th anniversary of this discovery to collect new sources of historical value including manuscripts, correspondence, photographs, and autobiographical reflections. The project will stimulate STS scholars to engage in refined studies of power relations in science, while empowering policy makers in their efforts to ensure greater transparency in the reward system of science.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项支持一个研究项目，该项目将提供RNA剪接发现的历史。研究人员将通过增加RNA的分析内容来解决分子生物学历史中的一个空白，RNA长期以来一直被DNA，基因组学和蛋白质组学的历史和社会科学研究的优势所掩盖。在这样做时，她将研究性别，种族和年龄偏见的影响，从而进一步澄清妇女和少数民族在科学领域的持续代表性不足;她将通过记录这些参与者如何被剥夺认识正义来做到这一点，即使他们在四个重点实验室之一的重大发现中发挥了不可或缺的作用。项目成果将通过在相关专业协会会议上的介绍加以传播。他们也将成为一本专著的主题，该专著记录和比较了在四个实验室之一参与发现的共同作者（无论是女性，外国，初级还是高级科学家）的实际历史。调查结果还将张贴在博客上，提供众包机会和高流量网站的链接。此外，研究者将与一位剧作家合作，以她的研究成果为灵感创作和制作一部戏剧;该剧将阐述科学进步和社会正义交织在一起的道德困境。研究者将使用历史和社会学的方法，包括对已故合著者的个人论文和机构记录的档案研究，与幸存合著者深入口述历史，社会学分析的合作出版模式所追求的各种合作作者类别，历史民族志的周年纪念活动（例如纪念这一发现40周年的会议），科学出版物的内容分析该项目进一步利用这一发现的40周年纪念日收集具有历史价值的新资源，包括手稿，信件，照片和自传体反思。该项目将激励STS学者从事科学中权力关系的精细研究，同时授权政策制定者努力确保科学奖励制度的更大透明度。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。