PEET: Integrating Classical with Phylogenetic Taxonomic Treatments in Five Genera of Coccoid Green Algae (Chlorophyta)

PEET：将经典与系统发育分类学处理相结合，用于球状绿藻（绿藻）的五个属

• 批准号: 0529737
• 负责人: Louise Lewis
• 金额: $ 74.58万
• 依托单位: University of Connecticut
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0529737&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: PEET; Integrating; Classical; Phylogenetic; Taxonomic

"Integrating classical with phylogenetic taxonomic treatments in five genera of coccoid green algae (Chlorophyta)" The morphologically simple, unicellular, coccoid green algae (Chlorophyta) are an important and diverse group of photosynthetic eukaryotes. As primary producers, they occur abundantly in aquatic marine, freshwater, and brackish habitats. Coccoid green algae also can be found commonly in terrestrial habitats, and have been collected from some of the driest places on earth. In addition, coccoid green algae participate in symbioses with multicellular animals such as anemones, hydras, foraminifera, limpets, with unicellular protists, and with fungi, to form lichens. Coccoid green algae are important model organisms. Their close evolutionary relationship to embryophyte land plants makes them an ideal proxy for larger multicellular green plants in studies of cellular and molecular biology and genetics. Despite their ecological and biological importance, the coccoid green algae are very poorly studied, and our current taxonomic system for them is not reflective of their great biological diversity and evolutionary history. A team of three scientists, each an expert in the systematics of coccoid algae, will train students in systematic monographic research on five common genera of coccoid green algae. The genera, Chlorella,Bracteacoccus,Tetracystis, Chlorosarcinopsis, and Chlorococcum, will be targeted for a combination of morphological and DNA sequencing analyses. Both forms of data will be collected for all available culture collection isolates of each genus now held in public culture collections, and the Biotic Crust Project collection of desert algae. These data will be used to establish explicit phylogenetic species boundaries within the five genera, leading to formal taxonomic revisions. This work will train two Ph.D. students in all activities leading to a modern systematic treatment of coccoid green algae, from isolation and culturing, to light and scanning electron microscopy, to DNA sequencing, publication, and database production. The work will result in approximately 5000 nucleotides of new sequence data, from 4-5 different genes, collected from over 300 isolates of green algae. Monographic accounts of these algae will be published in phycological journals and incorporated into a web-accessible relational database that will connect species descriptions with images, geographic information, and related publications, thereby making the information readily accessible to the broadest of audiences. In addition, this work will provide a model for genus-level taxonomic work on other coccoid algae, expand our knowledge of the biodiversity of green algae, and serve the phycological community by establishing explicit generic and species boundaries for the numerous culture collection isolates for which no phylogenetic information exists. With a new emphasis on identifying "non-model" organisms for physiological and genomic studies, clarification of the taxonomy of these algae will also assist in the ability of other biologists to target specific species for these activities, thereby serving the broader biological community.

球形绿色藻类（Chlorophyta）的五个属的经典与系统发育分类学处理的整合球形绿色藻类（Chlorophyta）是形态简单、单细胞的球形真核生物的一个重要而多样的类群。 作为初级生产者，它们大量存在于水生海洋，淡水和半咸水栖息地。球形绿色藻类也可以在陆地栖息地中找到，并且已经从地球上一些最干燥的地方收集到。此外，球形绿色藻类参与与多细胞动物如海葵、水螅、有孔虫、帽贝、单细胞原生生物和真菌的共生，形成地衣。球形绿色藻类是重要的模式生物。它们与胚状体陆生植物的进化关系密切，因此在细胞和分子生物学及遗传学研究中，它们是大型多细胞绿色植物的理想替代物。尽管它们在生态和生物学上具有重要意义，但对球形绿色藻类的研究非常少，我们目前对它们的分类系统并不能反映它们巨大的生物多样性和进化历史。一个由三名科学家组成的小组，每个人都是球藻系统学方面的专家，他们将训练学生对球藻绿色藻类的五个常见属进行系统的专题研究。将针对小球藻属、小球藻属、四囊藻属、拟绿球藻属和绿球藻属进行形态学和DNA测序分析。这两种形式的数据将收集所有可用的文化收集分离的每一个属，现在在公共文化收藏，生物地壳项目收集沙漠藻类。这些数据将被用来建立明确的系统发育物种的边界内的五个属，导致正式的分类修订。这项工作将培养两名博士。学生在所有的活动导致一个现代系统的处理球形绿色藻类，从分离和培养，光和扫描电子显微镜，DNA测序，出版物和数据库的生产。这项工作将导致大约5000个核苷酸的新序列数据，从4-5个不同的基因，收集超过300个分离的绿色藻类。这些藻类的专题报道将发表在phycological期刊上，并纳入一个可通过网络访问的关系数据库，该数据库将物种描述与图像，地理信息和相关出版物联系起来，从而使最广泛的受众能够轻松获得信息。此外，这项工作将提供一个模型，属级分类工作的其他球藻，扩大我们的知识的绿色藻类的生物多样性，并为phycological社区建立明确的属和种的界限，为众多的文化收集隔离，没有系统发育信息存在。由于新的重点是为生理学和基因组研究确定“非模式”生物，澄清这些藻类的分类也将有助于其他生物学家针对这些活动的特定物种的能力，从而为更广泛的生物界服务。