Collaborative Research: Design Principles for Effective Interorganizational Public Safety Response Infrastructures

在后9/11环境中，一种新的组织形式已经产生，其中公共部门机构和私人组织合作设计复杂的IT基础设施-提供共享服务交付的系统。这项研究将研究和建议的架构和治理结构，促进组织间的成功使用这些系统的设计要素。该项目将借鉴公共行政、组织理论和信息系统的相关知识。它将侧重于：（1）明确解决技术基础设施的组织需求的协作系统的设计，以及（2）系统设计要素和参与组织之间的交互，可以最好地利用这些系统。公共安全协作目前使用打包或开放标准系统来支持警察、消防、救援、国土安全和其他公共安全机构之间的互操作性。成套软件系统的例子包括来自COPLINK和Motorola的软件系统。开放标准系统的例子包括宾夕法尼亚州的司法网络（JNET），华盛顿地区的国会大厦无线集成网络（CapWIN）和圣地亚哥地区的自动化区域司法信息系统（ARJIS）。目前的建议将扩大初步的实证和理论工作进行的调查CapWIN，ARJIS和JNET的基础上，和其他组织间的协作settings.Expected贡献：研究人员确定三个关键原因，专注于基础设施的组织间的合作，在公共安全领域。首先，这样的系统是未来网络化组织的典范，这些组织因IT而存在，并有效地使用IT。其次，它们代表了数字政府中一些最具创新性的思维。第三，这些系统在设计和使用方面对公共安全有直接的好处。这些措施包括改善国土安全，更好地提供政府服务和更安全的社区，而他们传授大量的科学价值相对于设计原则的协作系统和使用它们的组织。在推进此类研究的过程中，美国将发挥领导作用，应对国家和国际公共安全组织目前面临的挑战。该项目将采用以设计为中心的方法，以实现更好和更强大的IT基础设施，支持组织间信息共享。它将结合联合收割机详细的实证调查，使用几个领域为基础的数据收集方法，并将分析广泛的二手数据在美国的公共安全。它将综合一系列相关学科的现有文献，以支持协作IT基础设施和支持性组织治理原则和结构的理论和实践设计建议。跨学科的见解来自公共行政和政治学，组织信息系统和信息技术。实证研究设计，充分利用密集的案例研究和大样本调查的最佳方面.专注于对协作成功至关重要的技术设计特性和架构原则。4.分析机构治理结构和流程，这对支持成功实施和运作协作系统至关重要。强调建立理论，可以推广到许多领域，其中IT支持公私合作。工作的更广泛的影响是改善：1。通过更好的系统设计来支持信息共享，从而实现公共安全和国土安全。IT支持的公私合作，无论背景如何。

In the post 9/11 environment, a new form of organization has spawned in which public sector agencies and private organizations collaborate in designing complex IT-enabled infrastructures - systems that provide shared service delivery. This research will study and recommend design elements essential for architecture and governance structures that promote interorganizational success in using these systems. This project will draw on relevant knowledge from public administration, organizational theory, and information systems. It will focus on: (1) the design of collaborative systems that explicitly address the organizational needs of the technical infrastructure and (2) interactions among the system design elements and participating organizations that can best leverage such systems. Public safety collaborations currently use either packaged or open-standards systems to support interoperability among police, fire, rescue, homeland security and other public safety agencies. Examples of the packaged software systems include those from COPLINK and Motorola. Examples of open standards systems include Pennsylvania's Justice Network (JNET), the D.C. area's Capitol Wireless Integrated Network (CapWIN) and the San Diego area's Automated Regional Justice Information System (ARJIS). The current proposal will expand upon initial empirical and theoretical work conducted by its investigators based on CapWIN, ARJIS and JNET, and other interorganizational collaborative settings.Expected contributions:The researchers identify three key reasons to focus on infrastructures for interorganizational collaboration in the public safety domain. First, such systems are exemplars of how future networked organizations that exist because of IT, and effectively use it, might look. Second, they represent some of the most innovative thinking in digital government. Third, these systems, in their design and use, have direct benefits relative to public safety. These include improved homeland security, better delivery of governmental service and safer communities, while they impart substantial scientific value relative to design principles for both collaborative systems and the organizations using them. In furthering such research, the United States will provide leadership addressing current challenges that national and international public safety organizations face. The project will employ a design-centered approach in order to achieve improved and more robust IT infrastructures to support interorganizational information sharing. It will combine detailed empirical investigation using several field-based data collection methods, and will analyze extensive secondary data available on public safety in the United States. It will synthesize existing literature across a range of relevant disciplines to support theoretical and practical design recommendations for collaborative IT infrastructure and supportive organizational governance principles and structures.The intellectual merit of the work derives from:1. Interdisciplinary insights drawn from public administration and political science, organizational information systems, and information technology.2. Empirical research design that leverages the best aspects of intensive case study and a large-sample survey.3. Focus on technical design features and architectural principles that are essential to collaborative success.4. Analysis of institutional governance structures and processes that are critical for support of successfulimplementation and operation of collaborative systems.5. Emphasis on building theory that can be generalized to many domains in which IT supports public-private collaborations.The broader impact of the work is to improve:1. Public safety and homeland security via better systems design to support information sharing.2. IT-enabled public-private collaborations, regardless of context.