SGER: Computational Models to study auditory processing and learning disorders in children

SGER：研究儿童听觉处理和学习障碍的计算模型

• 批准号: 0536258
• 负责人: Aditya Mathur
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Purdue University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-07-15 至 2007-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0536258&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Computational; Models; study; auditory

This SGER (Small Grants for Exploratory Research), modeling auditory processing in children with learning disabilities and its corresponding treatments, builds, validates, and experiments with computational models the processing of audio signals in the auditory nervous system of the human brain. With a long term goal for capturing into a computational model the knowledge related to the acoustic processing streams acquired by a speech and hearing scientist through experiments with the human auditory system, the short-term goals include:Understanding what portions of the auditory processing system ought to be included in the model, building a neural network model in consultation with researchers in speech and hearing sciences, and Validating the model by running computer simulations against experimentally observed data. Such a model is expected to predict brainstem responses to audio signals that come in via the human ear and partition into its finer spectral components in the cochlea from where the impulses travel via the auditory nerve and several specialized nuclei in the brainstem to the auditory cortex. The fact that the audio signals split into two distinct "what" and "where" streams in the auditory cortex or en-route to it motivates the research. Although many computational models of the auditory system exists, the novelty of the proposed research lies inIncluding the ventral and dorsal streams in the computational model and Validating the model against auditory brainstem responses observed in children with learning disorders.Broader Impact: A validated model "opens the door" to study the impact of proposed treatments for children with learning disabilities based on auditory deficiencies. Using this approach, computer approximations could serve as a fast and relative inexpensive precursor to possible treatments. Students will also gain expertise in the area.Intellectual Merit: This research will expand the discipline of neuro-computational modeling and should contribute in understanding the causes of learning disabilities in children, thus enabling development of the corresponding treatments.

该 SGER（探索性研究小额资助）对有学习障碍的儿童的听觉处理及其相应的治疗进行建模，建立、验证和实验人脑听觉神经系统中音频信号处理的计算模型。长期目标是将语音和听力科学家通过人类听觉系统实验获得的与声学处理流相关的知识捕获到计算模型中，短期目标包括：了解模型中应包含听觉处理系统的哪些部分，与语音和听力科学研究人员协商建立神经网络模型，并通过针对实验观察到的数据运行计算机模拟来验证模型。这样的模型有望预测脑干对通过人耳传入的音频信号的反应，并将其划分为耳蜗中更精细的频谱分量，脉冲从耳蜗中通过听觉神经和脑干中的几个专门核传递到听觉皮层。音频信号在听觉皮层中或在通往听觉皮层的途中分成两个不同的“什么”和“哪里”流，这一事实激发了这项研究。尽管存在许多听觉系统的计算模型，但拟议研究的新颖性在于将腹侧和背侧流纳入计算模型中，并根据在患有学习障碍的儿童中观察到的听觉脑干反应来验证模型。更广泛的影响：经过验证的模型“打开了大门”，以研究基于听觉缺陷的学习障碍儿童的拟议治疗方法的影响。使用这种方法，计算机近似可以作为可能治疗的快速且相对便宜的先导。学生还将获得该领域的专业知识。 智力优势：这项研究将扩展神经计算模型的学科，并有助于了解儿童学习障碍的原因，从而能够开发相应的治疗方法。