The essence of being an animal: sponge allorecognition and the evolution of individuality

动物的本质：海绵同种认知和个性进化

• 批准号: DP0985995
• 负责人: Prof Sandie Degnan
• 金额: $ 50.48万
• 依托单位: The University of Queensland
• 依托单位国家: 澳大利亚
• 项目类别: Discovery Projects
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 澳大利亚
• 起止时间: 2009-01-01 至 2015-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://dataportal.arc.gov.au/RGS/Web/Grants/DP0985995
• 关键词: essence; being; animal; sponge; allorecognition

The human genome encodes the ability to recognise self from nonself at the cellular level. In medicine, this innate ability results in the rejection of transplanted (grafted) tissues from unrelated individuals. This project seeks to get to the evolutionary foundation of self-nonself recognition by studying this process in a simple and tractable model - a sponge from the Great Barrier Reef. Like humans, sponges reject cells and tissues derived from another individual. By defining the genetic basis of self-recognition in sponges we reveal the antiquity of this system and the core features of histocompatibility and immunity. Such insights can inform a range of regenerative medical pursuits.

人类基因组编码了在细胞水平上识别自我和非自我的能力。在医学上，这种天生的能力会导致对来自不相关个体的移植组织的排斥。这个项目试图通过一个简单而容易处理的模型——来自大堡礁的海绵——来研究这一过程，从而获得自我非自我认识的进化基础。像人类一样，海绵会排斥来自另一个个体的细胞和组织。通过定义海绵自我识别的遗传基础，我们揭示了这一系统的古老以及组织相容性和免疫的核心特征。这些见解可以为一系列再生医学追求提供信息。