SGER: Citizen Centric Analysis of Anti/Counter-Terrorism e-Government Services

摘要：尽管大量的研究致力于提高反/反恐（ACT）当局的内部效率和互操作性，但只有少数研究将公民视为ACT服务的组成部分。拟议的研究采取以公民为中心的观点，旨在增强电子政务服务，帮助公民准备和保护自己免受恐怖袭击。本研究建议透过调查市民了解基于网际网路的ACT政府服务使用情况。具体来说，将使用一个分析框架来分析三类使用行为或行为意图（即获取新闻、提供公共线索和遵循指示），该分析框架将行为/意图分解为三个相互关联的认知/决策过程；风险认知、渠道选择决策和来源选择决策。本研究将以以往在管理信息系统领域的人类行为和创新扩散研究为基础，探讨各种社会、技术和个人因素对认知/决策过程的影响。该研究将对两组进行问卷调查：系统抽样的美国公民和合作组织（基于互联网的ACT服务提供商-恐怖主义研究中心（www.terrorism.com））的ACT服务订户。由此产生的模型将能够回答以下问题：“为什么有些公民对ACT服务漠不关心？”、“美国政府如何利用电子政务设施改善公民对政府的ACT信息流？”、“为什么有些公民更喜欢通过传统渠道提供的ACT服务，而不是通过互联网提供的服务？”以及“为什么有些公民更喜欢由非政府组织提供的基于互联网的ACT服务，而不是由政府机构提供的服务？”除了研究活动的及时性之外，创新之处在于研究模型将考虑到固有的两重性：电子政务服务在某些情况下被视为服务工具，而在其他情况下被视为合规工具。该模型还将检查公民对ACT服务提供商角色的恐惧、隐私和信任：保护者、控制者或两者兼而有之。该项目将通过提供更多和更好的公共情报使ACT当局受益，并通过帮助理解深思熟虑、更高质量的ACT电子政府服务的关键而使公民受益。研究结果将以期刊/会议论文的形式提供给研究界。测试结果也将纳入布法罗大学的课程。拟议的研究框架包括电子政务的三个基本层面：信息、沟通和参与，这使得它也适用于广泛的公共紧急情况，如流行病爆发、地震、石油/化学品泄漏等，这些情况可能对公民的经济和心理健康产生重大影响。

ABSTRACTRao, H. RaghavAlthough a large research effort has been directed toward improving Anti/Counter-Terrorism (ACT) authorities' internal efficiency and interoperability, only a handful of studies have looked at citizens as an integral part of ACT services. The proposed research takes a citizen-centric perspective and is geared toward enhanced e-government services that help citizens prepare and protect themselves from terrorist attacks. This study proposes to survey citizens to understand Internet-based ACT government service use. Specifically, three categories of usage behaviors or behavioral intentions (i.e., get news, provide public leads, and follow directions) will be analyzed using an analytical framework that decomposes the behaviors/intentions into three, interlinked cognitive/decision processes; risk perception, channel choice decision, and source choice decision. Building on previous human behavior and innovation diffusion research in the MIS field, the study will examine the impacts of various social, technological, and personal factors on the cognitive/decision processes. The study will administer a questionnaire survey to two groups: systematically sampled US citizens and ACT service subscribers of a partnering organization (an Internet-based ACT service provider- Terrorism Research Center (www.terrorism.com)). Theresulting model will be able to provide answers to such questions as "why are some citizens indifferent to ACT services?", "how can the US government improve citizen-to-government ACT information flow using e-Gov facilities?", "why do some citizens prefer ACT services provided through traditional channels to those provided through the Internet?", and "why do some citizens prefer Internet-based ACT services provided by a non-government organization to those provided by a government authority?" In addition to the timeliness of this research activity, an innovative aspect is that the research model will take into account an inherent duality: an e-gov service is perceived in some instances as an instrument of service and in others as an instrument of compliance. The model will also examine citizens' fear, privacy, and trust in relation to the role of the ACT service provider: protector, controller, or both.This project will benefit ACT authorities by providing more and better public intelligence and benefit citizens by helping understand the key to well thought, higher quality ACT e-Govservices. The findings will be made available to the research community in the form of journal/conference papers. Results will be also incorporated into classes taught at UB. Theproposed research framework encompasses the three basic levels of e-governance: information,communication and participation, which makes it also applicable to a wide range of situations of public emergency, such as epidemic outbreaks, earthquakes, oil/chemical spills, etc., which may have a significant impact on the economic and psychological well-being of the Citizen.