Phylogeography of a Regional Fauna: Rocky Shores of the North Pacific

区域动物群的系统发育地理学：北太平洋的岩石海岸

• 批准号: 0550526
• 负责人: Peter Marko
• 金额: $ 49.55万
• 依托单位: Clemson University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-05-01 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0550526&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Phylogeography; Regional; Fauna; Rocky; Shores

Rocky-shore ecology has provided many important insights into the interactions among organisms and their environments. Despite a deep mechanistic understanding of the processes shaping contemporary community structure on rocky shores, comparatively little is known about the long-term persistence and historical assembly of these communities. The focus of this research uses genetic data to reconstruct the latitudinal and demographic responses of rocky-shore marine organisms to Quaternary climate change. Because genetic data can be collected from all types of living organisms and long-term persistence of a species geographic range generates a fundamentally different geographic pattern of genetic diversity than a recent range expansion, phylogeographic data can be used to reconstruct the recent demographic and latitudinal histories of entire communities. This work will build significantly on previous efforts by conducting a phylogeographic survey with sufficient taxonomic and ecological breadth to address fundamental questions about community-wide responses to environmental change. The research will test the hypothesis that habitat differences can explain differential latitudinal responses of species to climate change, thereby revealing what types of species are most sensitive to changes in climate. The broader impacts include providing support and training for graduate and undergraduate students and a postdoctoral researcher. This project will also provide outreach to a grade school in California: a small component of the research will be a collaborative effort with a teacher who will incorporate the project into the science curriculum to provide students with hands-on science experience and exposure to hypothesis testing, scientific methods, and biogeography.

岩石海岸生态学为生物与环境之间的相互作用提供了许多重要的见解。尽管对岩石海岸上当代社区结构的形成过程有着深刻的机械理解，但对这些社区的长期持续性和历史组装却知之甚少。 这项研究的重点是利用遗传数据重建纬度和人口的岩石海岸海洋生物对第四纪气候变化的反应。 由于遗传数据可以从所有类型的生物体中收集，而且一个物种的地理分布范围的长期持续会产生一种与最近分布范围扩大完全不同的遗传多样性地理格局，因此，可利用地理数据重建整个群落最近的人口和纬度历史。这项工作将在以往努力的基础上进一步开展，开展一项具有足够分类学和生态学广度的地理学调查，以解决有关全社区应对环境变化的基本问题。这项研究将检验栖息地差异可以解释物种对气候变化的不同纬度反应的假设，从而揭示什么类型的物种对气候变化最敏感。更广泛的影响包括为研究生和本科生以及博士后研究人员提供支持和培训。该项目还将提供推广到加州的一所小学：研究的一个小组成部分将是与教师的合作努力，教师将把该项目纳入科学课程，为学生提供实践科学经验和接触假设检验，科学方法和地理学。