Doctoral Dissertation Research: Rebuilding a Nation. An Analysis of the Citizenship and Governmental Reformation of the Osage Nation

摘要：博士论文研究：重建一个国家。浅析奥塞奇族的公民权与政府改革。这个项目调查了目前在奥塞奇保留地进行的政府改革过程。2004年12月，国会立法（HR 2912）解除了98年的联邦控制，允许奥塞奇族人民再次决定自己的公民身份和政府形式。根据我对奥塞奇保留地的初步研究，很明显，奥塞奇部落委员会正在利用HR 2912法案提供的机会重建1900年被印第安事务局（BIA）废除的奥塞奇民族。当奥塞奇改革委员会的任命成员就奥塞奇公民身份和政府的未来征求意见时，可以收集到关于今天土著社区的国家和公民身份的独特见解。特别是，该项目试图进一步了解奥塞奇族内部的不同人群如何基于年龄、头部地位和居住地点的差异来表达奥塞奇族的国家身份，以及改革委员会如何在他们创建管理文件时协商这些差异。要检验的中心假设是：1。那些居住在奥塞奇保留地以外的奥塞奇后裔将以开放的术语定义奥塞奇国家。我说的开放是指他们希望包括所有1906年分配法案的直系后裔，而不是将公民身份限制在血统数量或保留居住地等因素上。2.那些人头少于一人的人会要求一人一票的选举制度。旧的政府形式依赖于在能够投票之前从已故亲属那里得到一份首权。3.年轻人将比老年人更倾向于建立三权分立政府（包括行政、立法和司法部门）。这些假设将根据一项调查的数据进行检验，该调查将把年龄、头部状态和居住地点等人口因素与被调查者认为应该如何确定公民身份以及应该采用何种形式的政府等问题的回答联系起来。调查数据将在研究奥塞奇族政府改革进程的背景下进行分析。这项研究提供了超出通常欧美范围的关于国家的宝贵信息。除了调查目前在奥塞奇保留地进行的政府改革进程外，这项研究还将有助于培养一位希望更多地了解自己社区的奥塞奇女研究生的博士学位，研究中讨论的更大问题，以及进行人类学实地工作的过程。此外，这项研究将支持对几名奥塞奇族青年进行采访、事件记录、转录和数据分析技能的培训。奥塞奇部落被提供了导致这一改革的因素，面临的障碍，以及如何处理这些问题的历史记录。这些改革的记录可以让我们深入了解挑战和加强未来努力的可能战略。此外，这项研究的经验教训将为其他社区，特别是其他美洲印第安民族，在他们自己的政府改革和国家建设的努力中提供一个模式。

Abstract: Doctoral Dissertation Research: Rebuilding a Nation. An Analysis of the Citizenship and Governmental Reformation of the Osage Nation. SES:0550602This project investigates the process of governmental reform currently underway on the Osage Reservation. In December of 2004 Congressional legislation (HR 2912) lifted 98 years of federal control, allowing the Osage people to once again determine their own citizenship and form of government. Based on my preliminary research on the Osage Reservation it is apparent that the Osage Tribal Council is using the opportunity opened by HR 2912 to reconstruct the Osage Nation, which was abolished in 1900 by the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA). As the appointed members of the Osage Reform Commission solicit opinions about the future of Osage citizenship and government, unique insight can be gathered about nationhood and citizenship within indigenous communities today. In particular, this project attempts to further out understanding of how various sets of people within the Osage Nation articulate Osage nationhood based on differences in age, headright status, and residential location and how the reform commission negotiates these differences in their creation of a governing document. The central hypotheses to be tested are: 1. Those people of Osage descent who reside outside the Osage Reservation will define the Osage Nation in open terms. By open I mean that they will want to include all lineal descendants of the 1906 allotment act and not limit citizenship to such factors as blood quantum or reservation residence. 2.Those people holding less than one headright will want a one-man-one-vote system of election. The old form of government relied on receiving a headright from a deceased relative prior to be able to vote. 3.Younger people will be more in favor of creating tri-partite government (containing executive, legislative, and judicial branches) than will older people. These hypotheses will be tested based upon data from a survey, which will correlate demographic factors such as age, headright status, and residential location with responses to questions about how those surveyed think citizenship ought to be determined and what form of government should be adopted. The survey data will be analyzed within the context of the study of the Osage Nations governmental reform process. The will study provide invaluable information about nationhood beyond its usual Euro-American confines.In addition to investigating the process of governmental reform currently underway on the Osage Reservation, this research will contribute to the doctoral training of a female Osage graduate student wishing to learn more about her own community, the larger issues discussed within this research, and the process of conducting anthropological field work. Additionally, this research will support the training of several Osage youths in the skills of interviewing, event recording, transcribing, and data analysis. The Osage tribe has been provided with an historical record of the factors leading up to this reform, the obstacles faced, and how these problems were dealt with. A record of these reforms provides insight into the challenges and possible strategies for strengthening future efforts. Furthermore, lessons from this research will serve as a model for other communities, particularly other American Indian nations, in their own efforts of governmental reform and nation building.