SGER: How Soon is Soon Enough? Understanding National Public Perceptions of the Need to Act on Very Long Term Threats as a Result of Hurricane Katrina

像卡特里娜飓风这样的重大影响是公众学习和采取行动应对我们面临的长期威胁的机会之窗，但是我们如何了解人们的高度意识是如何持续或消退的呢？这项短期的探索性调查收集了公众对长期沿海灾害的态度和个人调整行动意图的数据。重点是卡特里娜飓风对公众对未来飓风的看法的影响，以及与之相关但长期的全球变暖威胁。这项研究特别关注未受卡特里娜飓风影响的六个沿海城市的公众。它探讨了在当前的海湾灾难发生后不久，以及紧急/短期恢复期结束后几个月，受访者的态度和意图是如何发展的。数据来自于在两个时间点随机抽取的300名成年人（每个城市50人）组成的探索性调查小组。目标是：1。了解重大灾害影响如何影响公众对未来威胁的看法，包括未来更不确定的威胁；2. 了解个人行为如何随着时间的推移而动态发展，以更多地了解或适应这些危险；3. 探索了解公众对危害的看法的方法，而不仅仅是一次性的观点快照。这项研究有助于我们理解卡特里娜飓风这种百年灾难是如何影响公众对沿海灾害和相关长期全球变化威胁的看法和意图的。探讨了在此类研究中未充分利用的公众纵向参与方法。因此，本研究可以促进基于知识的公众对长期灾害政策的审议，并提出方法来探索长期争论但很少测试的问题，即如何在国家层面上支持大规模公众参与长期灾害规划。

ABSTRACTMajor impacts like Katrina are windows of opportunity for public learning and action on long-term threats facing us, but how well do we know how people's heightened awareness persists or recedes? This short-term, exploratory investigation captures data on public attitudes toward, and personal adjustment action intentions in response to, long-term coastal hazards. The focus is on the influence of Katrina on public views about future hurricanes and the related but long term threats of global warming. The study focuses specifically on publics in six coastal cities not impacted by Katrina. It explores how attitudes and intentions of the respondents have developed soon after the current Gulf disaster, and months after the emergency/short-term recovery period is over. Data come from a total exploratory respondent group of 300 adults randomly sampled in equal proportions (50 from each city) who are surveyed at two points in time. The objectives are to: 1. understand how major hazard impacts influence public thinking about future threats, including more uncertain ones far in the future; 2. understand how personal actions to learn more about or adjust to such hazards develop dynamically over time and; 3. explore methods to understand public views on hazards more developmentally, beyond one-time snapshots of views. This study contributes to our understanding of how a centennial disaster of Katrina's scale affects public opinion toward and intentions to adjust to coastal hazards and related long-term global change threats. The underutilized methodology of longitudinal engagement of the public in such studies is explored. As such, this study can contribute to knowledge-based public deliberation about long-term hazards policy and also suggest methods to explore long-debated but infrequently tested issues about how to support large-scale public engagement in long-term hazards planning at a national level.