Autothermal Reforming of Greenhouse Gases - SGER

温室气体自热重整 - SGER

• 批准号: 0553648
• 负责人: Marco Castaldi
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-02-01 至 2007-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0553648&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Autothermal; Reforming; Greenhouse; Gases; SGER

ABSTRACTPI: Marco J. Castaldi Institution: Columbia UniversityProposal Number: 0553648Title: Autothermal Reforming of Greenhouse Gases-SGERThis Small Grant for Exploratory Research (SGER) effort for autothermal dry reforming of greenhouse gases to high value chemicals will accomplish two major goals. The first is targeted toward understanding the reaction mechanisms occurring on precious metal-based formulations, specifically platinum (Pt) and rhodium (Rh). The second major goal is to investigate and understand the mechanism of carbon formation and the operating parameters that prevent and promote formation and deposition on the surface. Other goals tied to this SGER effort will be to obtain preliminary insight into long term activity changes and to disseminate the knowledge and understanding obtained to a broad spectrum of students, industry professionals and other researchers.The intellectual merit of developing an understanding of the reaction mechanisms to convert greenhouse gases into chemicals will be proven by determining the kinetic parameters and reaction mechanisms governing autothermal reforming of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) to synthesis gas and high value chemicals, such as ethylene. Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) will be employed to obtain kinetic rate data, reaction orders, turnover frequencies and reaction mechanisms to further the knowledge base of greenhouse gas reforming. TGA data coupled with pre- and post-test surface analyses, such as BET, XRD and TPD, will provide a clearer understanding of the important reactions, both primary and secondary, thus enabling better reactor design in the future. One primary outcome of this effort, in addition to the ones stated above, will be to provide reliable data to enable effective reactor design for greenhouse gas conversion to useful chemicals. It is anticipated the results of this SGER effort will provide the foundations for future research in chemical reactor design and exploration in a more efficient, directed manner.The broader impact of this project is to instill in a broad spectrum of students, middle school to graduate level, the concept of catalysis and its potential to positively affect the environment.This will be achieved through three main routes of dissemination: 1) Environmental Catalysis course development at the undergraduate and graduate levels, 2) Site visits to applicable industry, 3) Curriculum development for middle and high school students. The courses will involve industry professionals participating in the selection of material as well as giving lectures to the students. The courses will have an experimental component which will be done in the PIs laboratory and allot time for site visits to catalyst companies. The site visits will provide an opportunity for students to interact with industry leaders and get valuable feedback on the research. Lastly the curriculum development for middle and high school students will be accomplished through the existing GK12 program at Columbia University with the participation of the PI, a graduate student and middle and high school teachers. Modules and lesson plans will be assembled to expose the students to concepts in catalysis and how it has already been used to positively affect the environment, such as the three-way automobile catalytic converter. It is anticipated that emphasizing the environmental aspects of catalytic processes will further encourage the students to learn more on their own initiative.

摘要：Marco J. Castaldi机构：哥伦比亚大学提案编号：0553648标题：温室气体的自热重整-SGER这一探索性研究（SGER）的努力自热干重整温室气体高价值的化学品将实现两个主要目标。 第一个目标是了解贵金属配方，特别是铂（Pt）和铑（Rh）上发生的反应机制。 第二个主要目标是研究和了解碳形成的机制以及防止和促进表面形成和沉积的操作参数。 与此SGER努力相关的其他目标将是获得对长期活动变化的初步了解，并将获得的知识和理解传播给广大学生，通过确定自热重整的动力学参数和反应机制，将证明理解将温室气体转化为化学品的反应机制的智力价值将二氧化碳（CO2）和甲烷（CH 4）转化为合成气和高价值化学品，如乙烯。 热重分析（TGA）将被用来获得动力学速率数据，反应级数，周转频率和反应机理，以进一步的温室气体转化的知识基础。TGA数据结合BET、XRD和TPD等测试前和测试后的表面分析，将使人们更清楚地了解重要的反应（包括一次反应和二次反应），从而在未来实现更好的反应器设计。除了上述成果外，这项工作的一个主要成果是提供可靠的数据，以便能够有效地设计反应堆，将温室气体转化为有用的化学品。预计该SGER项目的成果将为未来化学反应器设计和探索方面的研究提供基础，并以更有效、更有针对性的方式进行。该项目的更广泛影响是向中学到研究生水平的广大学生灌输催化的概念及其对环境产生积极影响的潜力。这将通过三种主要传播途径实现：1）本科和研究生水平的环境催化课程开发，2）对适用行业的现场访问，3）初中和高中学生的课程开发。这些课程将涉及行业专业人士参与材料的选择，以及给学生讲课。这些课程将有一个实验部分，将在PI实验室完成，并分配时间对催化剂公司进行现场访问。现场访问将为学生提供一个与行业领导者互动的机会，并获得有关研究的宝贵反馈。最后，将通过哥伦比亚大学现有的GK 12项目，在PI、一名研究生和初中及高中教师的参与下，完成初中和高中学生的课程开发。模块和课程计划将被组装，以使学生接触到催化的概念，以及它如何已经被用来积极影响环境，如三元汽车催化转化器。预计强调催化过程的环境方面将进一步鼓励学生主动学习更多知识。