Low-Energy Optical Spectroscopy as a Probe of Structure-Property Relations in Organic Solids

这项工作将有助于发展一个更好的和更详细的了解基本的物理和化学的新的有机材料。这些材料包括超导体和碳笼和管结构，它们处于纳米材料工作的最前沿。 光谱技术将用于在强磁场、可变温度和化学改性的存在下研究这些系统，目的是阐明材料的物理性质与其化学组成和结构的关系。 发展这种类型的详细理解对于能够设计具有专门定制的特性的新材料用于电子和许多其他领域至关重要。 这项工作跨越了化学，物理，材料科学和工程的界限，并涉及与许多国家和国际科学家的合作。 科学的广度为参与这项工作的学生和博士后研究人员提供了独特而重要的教育经验，因为他们开展研究，出版它，并在各种国家和国际会议上展示它，为他们未来在工业，政府实验室和学术界的就业做好准备。 研究成果也将被纳入各级研究生和本科生课堂，作为例子和案例研究，直接连接学生正在学习的基本概念与先进材料的发展。化学部和材料研究部正在支持这一项目。技术摘要拟议的工作是一个多方面的，但在复杂的有机材料的光谱学强集成程序的一部分。它专注于理解模型有机材料中局部结构和功能的物理和化学调整，包括层状超导体，小碳笼和内嵌富勒烯，分子梯状化合物和碳纳米管。目标是将低能光谱响应中的丰富特征与电荷、磁性和结构的局部和空间方面联系起来。通过研究各种模型材料中的这些效应，将更好地理解复杂有机固体中的体性质，如超导性，负热膨胀和掺杂诱导的金属-绝缘体转变以及微观方面的破坏，电荷有序和宾主相互作用。先进的有机固体领域跨越了化学、物理、材料科学和工程学的学科界限。与此同时，拟议的工作将促进材料光谱学领域的年轻人教育。这种人力资源开发是这项工作最重要的目标之一。

Non-Technical AbstractThis work will help develop a better and more detailed understanding of the basic physics and chemistry of novel organic materials. Such materials include superconductors and carbon cage and tube structures, which are at the cutting edge of work in nanomaterials. Spectroscopic techniques will be used to study these systems in the presence of strong magnetic fields, variable temperature, and chemical modification, with the goal of elucidating how the physical properties of the materials relate to their chemical composition and structure. Developing this type of detailed understanding is critical to being able to engineer new materials with specifically tailored properties for use in electronics and many other areas. This work cuts across the boundaries of chemistry, physics, materials science, and engineering, and involves collaborations with many national and international scientists. The scientific breadth provides the students and postdoctoral research associates participating in this work with a unique and important educational experience as they carry out the research, publish it, and present it at a variety of national and international meetings, preparing them for future employment in industry, government laboratories, and academics. Research results will also be incorporated into the graduate and undergraduate classrooms at various levels, as examples and case studies that directly connect the basic concepts the students are studying with developments in advanced materials. The Chemistry Division and the Division of Materials Research are supporting this project.Technical AbstractThe proposed work is part of a multifaceted but strongly integrated program in the spectroscopy of complex organic materials. It concentrates on understanding physical and chemical tuning of local structure and functionality in model organic materials including layered superconductors, small carbon cage and endohedral fullerenes, molecular ladder-like compounds, and carbon nanotubes. The goal is to connect the rich features in the low-energy spectral response with local and spatial aspects of charge, magnetism, and structure. By studying these effects in a variety of model materials, a better understanding of bulk properties such as superconductivity, negative thermal expansion, and doping-induced metal-insulator transitions as well as microscopic aspects of symmetry-breaking, charge-ordering, and guest-host interactions in complex organic solids will emerge. The field of advanced organic solids cuts across the disciplinary boundaries of chemistry, physics, materials science, and engineering. At the same time, the proposed work will advance the education of young people in the area of materials spectroscopy. Such human resource development is one of the most important goals of this work.