Performance Evaluation of Tall Buildings Under Winds: From Predictive Methods to Laboratory and Full-Scale Measurements

高层建筑在风下的性能评估：从预测方法到实验室和全面测量

• 批准号: 0601143
• 负责人: Ahsan Kareem
• 金额: $ 36万
• 依托单位: University of Notre Dame
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0601143&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Performance; Evaluation; Tall; Buildings; Under

Abstract: Despite the prevalence of high-rise developments worldwide, issues associated with the design of these oftentimes slender, flexible structures were perhaps not fully underscored to the wider Structural Engineering community prior to the recent recommendations of the NIST NCSTAR 1, WTC Investigation. In particular, these structures are governed by a unique set of design limit states that encompass not only survivability and serviceability but also habitability, which all must be satisfied in increasingly complex wind environments. In fact, even though the performance of these structures affects the safety and comfort of a large number of people, their design continues to be based on analytical and scaled models that were not systematically validated in full-scale prior to a monitoring program instituted recently in the City of Chicago, which established a multi-faceted, international team to address the problem. This team, in concert with NIST?s Building and Fire Research Laboratory (BFRL), will lead the proposed study, building upon the current efforts in Chicago to expand the collection of structural systems and material types studied, while introducing computational models correlated with rooftop anemometers to capture wind field characteristics over urban environments, to aid in the full-scale validation of predictions made in the design of tall buildings. Not only will the proposed study provide substantive information with respect to this correlation and create an important venue for the development of future prediction techniques, but also more importantly it will provide a unique infrastructure to respond to the NIST NCSTAR 1 Group 1 Recommendations. This response encompasses the following objectives: (1) Develop & Install Advanced Networked Instrumentation; (2) Estimate Building Drift & Acceleration; (3) Develop & Validate a Computational Wind Field Model; (4) Validate Performance Using Full-Scale Data; and (5) Develop Recommendations for Building Drift & Acceleration Limit States.

摘要：尽管高层建筑开发在全球范围内盛行，但在 NIST NCSTAR 1、WTC 调查最近提出建议之前，更广泛的结构工程界可能并未充分强调与这些通常细长、灵活的结构设计相关的问题。特别是，这些结构受到一组独特的设计极限状态的控制，这些设计极限状态不仅包括生存性和适用性，还包括宜居性，在日益复杂的风环境中，所有这些都必须得到满足。事实上，尽管这些结构的性能影响到很多人的安全和舒适度，但它们的设计仍然基于分析和比例模型，这些模型在芝加哥市最近实施的监测计划之前并未进行全面的系统验证，该计划建立了一个多方面的国际团队来解决这个问题。该团队将与 NIST 的建筑和消防研究实验室 (BFRL) 合作，领导这项拟议的研究，以芝加哥目前扩大结构系统和材料类型研究范围的努力为基础，同时引入与屋顶风速计相关的计算模型，以捕获城市环境中的风场特征，以帮助全面验证高层建筑设计中的预测。拟议的研究不仅将提供有关这种相关性的实质性信息，并为未来预测技术的发展创造重要场所，而且更重要的是，它将提供独特的基础设施来响应 NIST NCSTAR 1 Group 1 建议。该响应包括以下目标： (1) 开发和安装先进的网络仪器； (2) 估计建筑物的漂移和加速度； (3) 开发并验证计算风场模型； (4) 使用全尺寸数据验证性能； (5) 制定建立漂移和加速度极限状态的建议。