Alloys at the Nanoscale; The Case of Nanoparticles

纳米级合金；

• 批准号: 0602587
• 负责人: Miguel Jose Yacaman
• 金额: $ 20.2万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2008-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0602587&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Alloys; Nanoscale; Case; Nanoparticles

Nanoparticles of noble metals are widely used in modern nanotechnology. Indeed, many applications ranging from catalysis to medical, from optical to magnetic have been described in the literature. The understanding, however, of their properties is far from fully achieved. For instance, Au/Pd has being found to be an excellent hydrogenation catalyst with activity far superior to either metal. Also when gold is present the catalyst becomes resistant to sulfur poisoning. Yet, a clear understanding of these effects is still missing. This project launches a bi-national effort to understand the structure and behavior of bimetallic nanoparticles. The project is conducted by the University of Texas at Austin in the US, and the University of Nuevo Leon (UANL), the Instituto Potosino de Investigacion Cientifica (IPYCIT), and the Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi (IFUASLP) in Mexico.The aim is to clearly identify, using molecular dynamics, advanced TEM and controlled synthesis, the origin of the outstanding properties of bimetallic particles. The alloys Au-Pd, Au-Ag, Pt-Au, Pt-Ag, Pd-Ag, and Pd-Pt are of special interest. Samples will be prepared in both countries and exchanged for characterization. The molecular dynamics calculations will be performed in the Mexican labs using the supercomputer at UT-Austin, electron microscopy and other characterization will be performed in UT-Austin. The project will provide international experiences to US students who will spend time in the Mexican laboratories. In addition, Mexican students visiting UT-Austin will be linked with US minority undergraduates and provide role models for those students. It is expected that fundamental science outcomes from this effort will assist the development of better catalysts for a hydrogen-fuel era.This award is co-funded by the NSF Office of International Science and Engineering.

高贵金属的纳米颗粒被广泛用于现代纳米技术。实际上，文献中已经描述了从催化到医学的许多应用，从光学到磁性。但是，对其性质的理解远非完全实现。例如，已发现AU/PD是一种出色的氢化催化剂，其活性远高于任何一种金属。同样，当黄金出现时，催化剂会抗性硫中毒。然而，仍然缺少对这些效果的明确理解。该项目发起了双向努力，以了解双金属纳米颗粒的结构和行为。该项目由德克萨斯大学的美国奥斯汀分校以及Nuevo Leon大学（UANL），Instituto Potosino de Inspeftionacion cientifica（Ipycit）（Ipycit）和Universidad Automa de San Luis de San Luis Potosi（IFUAASLP）在墨西哥的目标。双金属颗粒。 Au-pd，Au-ag，pt-au，pt-ag，pd-ag和pd-pt具有特别的兴趣。样本将在两国准备并换成特征。分子动力学计算将在墨西哥实验室中使用UT-AUSTIN，Electron显微镜的超级计算机在墨西哥实验室中进行，并且将在UT-Austin中进行其他表征。该项目将为将在墨西哥实验室中度过时光的美国学生提供国际经验。此外，访问UT-Austin的墨西哥学生将与美国少数族裔大学生联系，并为这些学生提供榜样。预计这项工作的基本科学成果将有助于开发氢燃料时代更好的催化剂。该奖项由NSF国际科学与工程办公室共同资助。