FRG: Photonic Quasicrystals and Heterostructures

FRG：光子准晶体和异质结构

• 批准号: 0606415
• 负责人: Paul Chaikin
• 金额: $ 120万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0606415&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: FRG; Photonic; Quasicrystals; Heterostructures

Non-Technical Abstract The aim of Photonics is to trap, steer, direct, switch and control light in much the way that electrons are manipulated in electronics. Eventually fast, highly efficient circuits, memories and processing may be done photonically, that is optically. To trap visible light requires a highly symmetric, almost spherical, structure with elementary units with dimensions about 1/100 th the width of a human hair (.0005 mm, the wavelength of green light). The most spherical ordered symmetry is icosahedral, the same as a soccer ball, with 12 five fold faces. This proposal aims at developing the advanced techniques to make a complex icosahedral structure at these small length scales. It makes use of new developments in manipulating small particles using laser beams through a microscope lens, "laser Tweezers", and in photochemistry of polymers. The theory, which has so far proven elusive for such complex structures, will be explored analytically and computationally. Moreover, part of the project is to explore the question of finding the optimal structures (rods, spheres, smooth surfaces) with this symmetry. Students from high school to postdoc will participate in the research which is generally "table-top" and involves fundamental ideas from the very basic to the frontiers of math and physics. Technical AbstractThis proposal is directed toward designing and fabricating photonic quasicrystals for use in trapping and controlling light. Such control of photons is important both technologically and for advancing fundamental research. Quasicrystals are thebest candidates for achieving a complete three-dimensional photonic band gap because of their high degree of rotational symmetry. Complex three-dimensional quasicrystalline heterostructures with sub-micrometer features can be constructed from photopolymerized colloidal dispersions using recently developed holographic optical trapping techniques The proposed research will address basic questions regarding the physics of quasicrystals, and the materials science of soft heterostructure fabrication. Included are experimental and theoretical studies of the photonic properties of quasiperiodic solids, the role of symmetry in the interaction of light and matter, and mathematical and computational methods for design optimization. With an aim toward produce useful devices, advanced tools and techniques will be developed for holographic manufacturing, template-guided three-dimensional self-organization, selective and directional colloidal bonding, and photopolymerization. Students from high school to postdoc will participate in the research.

非技术摘要光子学的目标是捕捉、引导、引导、开关和控制光，就像电子在电子学中被操纵的方式一样。最终，快速、高效的电路、存储器和处理可以通过光子学来完成，也就是光学上。要捕捉可见光，需要一个高度对称的、几乎是球形的结构，其基本单元的尺寸约为人类头发宽度的1/100(0.0005毫米，绿光的波长)。最球面有序的对称性是二十面体，与足球一样，有12个五折面。这项提议旨在开发先进的技术，以在这些小的长度尺度上制造复杂的二十面体结构。它利用通过显微镜镜头的激光光束操纵小颗粒的新发展，“激光镊子”，以及聚合物的光化学。到目前为止，对于这种复杂的结构，这个理论被证明是难以捉摸的，它将通过分析和计算来探索。此外，该项目的一部分是探索寻找具有这种对称性的最佳结构(杆、球、光滑表面)的问题。从高中到博士后的学生都将参与这项研究，这项研究通常是“桌面式的”，涉及从数学和物理的最基本到最前沿的基本概念。技术摘要本方案旨在设计和制造用于捕获和控制光的光子准晶。这种对光子的控制在技术上和推进基础研究方面都很重要。准晶具有高度的旋转对称性，是实现完全三维光子带隙的最佳候选材料。利用最近发展起来的全息光学捕获技术，可以从光聚合的胶体分散体中构建具有亚微米特征的复杂的三维准晶异质结构。所提出的研究将解决准晶物理和软异质结构制备的材料科学的基本问题。包括对准周期固体的光子性质、对称性在光与物质相互作用中的作用以及优化设计的数学和计算方法的实验和理论研究。为了制造有用的器件，将开发用于全息制造、模板引导的三维自组织、选择性和定向胶体结合以及光聚合的先进工具和技术。从高中到博士后的学生都将参与这项研究。