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Research into religious symbolism in rich graves of the early iron age necropolis of Hallstatt, Upper Austria

对上奥地利州哈尔施塔特早期铁器时代墓地丰富坟墓中宗教象征意义的研究

基本信息

批准号：
175663061
负责人：
Dr. Bettina Glunz-Hüsken
金额：
--
依托单位：
Abteilung für Ur- und Frühgeschichte und Archäologie des Mittelalters
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2009-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/175663061?language=en
关键词：
Research into religious symbolism rich

项目摘要

The necropolis at Hallstatt, Upper Austria, is the eponymous site for the Early Iron Age in Europe ("Hallstatt Period", 750-430 B. C.) and one of the richest prehistoric cemeteries. While the opulence of these graves has hitherto been considered the expression of prosperity gained by salt trade, this research project will pursue an approach of religious archaeology and investigate the grave goods as manifestations of time-transcendent religious concepts. Notions of the character of the world, the order of things and the transition to the afterworld were visualised in graves by means of grave goods, a behaviour connecting the Hallstatt tombs to other sumptuous graves (not only) of that period. A fundamental prerequisite for their construction, namely contact between societies of different cultural levels, was particularly true for Hallstatt, because of its salt-based mercantile connections with most different partners in all directions. Which of the relevant religous and cosmological themes, displayed in other contemporaneous sumptuous graves and objects of so-called "situla art" (such as charioteering, symposium, hierogamy, weaving etc.), are represented in individual graves at Hallstatt by means of grave goods, images, sculptures, and symbols? Can we observe local characteristics as to the choice of topics and the mode of their representation? Which conclusions can be drawn with regard to the religious way of thinking at Hallstatt and in other Early Iron Age communities beyond?

位于上奥地利州哈尔施塔特的墓地是欧洲早期铁器时代（“哈尔施塔特时期”，公元前 750-430 年）的同名遗址，也是最丰富的史前墓地之一。虽然这些坟墓的富丽堂皇迄今为止被认为是盐贸易所带来的繁荣的表现，但本研究项目将采用宗教考古学的方法，将随葬品作为超越时间的宗教概念的表现进行研究。世界的特征、事物的秩序以及到来世的过渡的概念通过随葬品在坟墓中形象化，这种行为将哈尔施塔特坟墓与那个时期的其他豪华坟墓（不仅是）联系起来。它们的建设的一个基本先决条件，即不同文化水平的社会之间的接触，对于哈尔施塔特来说尤其如此，因为它与各个方向的大多数不同伙伴都有基于盐的商业联系。在哈尔施塔特的各个坟墓中，哪些相关的宗教和宇宙主题，在其他同时代的豪华坟墓和所谓的“情景艺术”物品（例如战车、研讨会、圣婚、编织等）中，通过陪葬品、图像、雕塑和符号来表现？在选题和表现方式上能否观察当地的特点？关于哈尔施塔特和其他早期铁器时代社区的宗教思维方式，可以得出哪些结论？