SBIR Phase I: Fire Information from REmote-sensing and Weather-models Integrated and Supplied to End-users (FIREWISE)

这项小企业创新研究（SBIR）第一阶段研究项目将展示一种创新的、交互式软件产品的可行性，该产品将提高国家的消防、预防和恢复能力。该产品独特地将遥感NASA数据与领先的天气模型相结合，通过互联网将结果数据可视化地提供给决策者，并创建以前不可用的数据集，供现有的火灾模拟软件使用。FIREWISE项目将开发一个结合公共和私人消防部门急需的两个组件的系统：(1)NASA中分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）主动火灾数据产品，(2)中尺度模型5 （MM5）天气预报。此外，该模型将包括数字高程模型（dem）和近实时卫星图像，将容纳额外的输入，如植被和燃料类型地图、现有地理信息系统（GIS）数据层（如道路、水道、所有权）。FIREWISE是一种网络订阅服务，它允许用户从档案和/或每日更新的数据源中选择空间和时间上合适的数据，并将其可视化为具有动画功能的3-D图形，允许最终用户跟踪动态因素，如天气和火灾随时间的蔓延。此外，FIREWISE还可以将数据输出到现有的预测火灾模型中，如FARSITE，这是一种美国林务局和美国内政部机构强制使用的火灾行为和生长模拟器。三个因素结合在一起，使火灾风险成为国家优先考虑的问题：(1)全球变暖；（二）过去对火灾的管理；(3)加强城市/荒地界面的开发。改进对野火行为的预测对保护生命和财产也变得越来越重要。该项目将结合MODIS和MM5数据，并演示通过互联网可视化和操作这些数据的可行性，并将其提供给现有的火种模型和其他最终用户。创新包括：(1)可视化——通过在dem上覆盖地理空间和天气数据，FIREWISE将提供火灾危险或正在发生的火灾的三维可视化，远远优于单层静态GIS表示。(2)数据集成——FIREWISE将独特地将MODIS遥感光学数据与MM5大气模型输出相结合，以创建新的数据产品来预测火灾危险。(3)数据访问和传递——FIREWISE将为消防决策者提供前所未有的基于互联网的关键动态火灾信息访问。FIREWISE将通过快速、数据驱动的决策来拯救生命、财产和自然资源，从而提高国家的消防能力。FIREWISE还将使教育和远程学习项目能够通过在线可视化实现。此外，美国土著学生实习生将被纳入FIREWISE开发团队。

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I research project will demonstrate feasibility for an innovative, interactive software product that will improve the Nation's fire fighting, prevention, and restoration capabilities. The product uniquely combines remotely sensed NASA data with a leading-edge weather model, delivers the resulting data to decision makers visually via the Internet, and creates previously unavailable data sets for use by existing fire simulation software. The FIREWISE project will develop a system that combines two components critically needed by the public and private fire fighting sector: (1) NASA Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) active fire data products, and (2) Mesoscale Model 5 (MM5) weather predictions. Additionally the model which will include digital elevation models (DEMs), and near-realtime satellite imagery, will accommodate additional inputs such as vegetation and fuel type maps, existing geographic information system (GIS) data layers (e.g., roads, waterways, ownership. FIREWISE, marketed as a subscription web service, will allow users to select spatially and temporally appropriate data from archival and/or daily-refreshed data sources and visualize them graphically in 3-D with animation capability, allowing end-users to follow dynamic factors such as weather and fire spread through time. Additionally, FIREWISE will output data for ready ingest into existing predictive fire models such as FARSITE, a fire behavior and growth simulator mandated for use across the US Forest Service and US Department of Interior agencies. Three factors have combined to make fire risk a national priority: (1) global warming; (2) past management of fires; and (3) increasing development of the urban/wildland interface. Improved predictions of wildfire behavior have concomitantly become increasingly important to protect life and property. This proposed project will combine MODIS and MM5 data, and demonstrate feasibility for both visualizing and manipulating those data via the Internet and serving them to existing fire models and other end-users. The innovations include: (1) Visualization - by draping geospatial and weather data over DEMs, FIREWISE will provide 3-D visualization of fire hazards or in-progress fires, far superior to single layer, static GIS representations. (2) Data integration - FIREWISE will uniquely combine MODIS remotely sensed optical data with MM5 atmospheric model output to create new data products to predict fire hazards. (3) Data access and delivery - FIREWISE will provide fire decision makers unprecedented Internet-based access to the critical dynamic fire information. FIREWISE will improve the Nation's fire fighting abilities by enabling the rapid, data-driven decision making necessary to saving lives, property, and natural resources. FIREWISE will also enable educational and distance learning programs by making visualizations available on-line. Additionally, Native American student interns will be included in the FIREWISE development team.