Collaborative Research: Processes Driving Spatial and Temporal Variability of Surface pCO2 in the Drake Passage

本提案是为了继续和扩展劳伦斯·m·古尔德号上正在进行的一项计划，该计划旨在测量德雷克海峡横断面地表水中溶解的二氧化碳气体（pCO2）以及偶尔的总二氧化碳（TCO2）。增加的观测包括溶解氧、营养物和碳-13。拟议的工作类似于R/V Nathaniel B. Palmer上正在进行的测量程序，并补充了类似的表面温度和电流数据。南大洋是全球碳预算的重要组成部分。由于地表温度低，垂直稳定性低，冰的形成和大风为大气和海洋储存库之间气体二氧化碳的交换创造了一个非常活跃的环境。德雷克海峡是南极绕极流及其相关锋面必须通过的最窄点，也是测量气体交换纬向梯度最有效的地点。生成的时间序列将有助于实现两个科学目标：地表二氧化碳、氧气、营养物质和碳-13的时空变异性和趋势的量化，以及对导致观测到的变率的主要过程的了解。

This proposal is for the continuation and expansion of an underway program on the R/V Laurence M. Gould to measure dissolved carbon dioxide gas (pCO2) along with occasional total carbon dioxide (TCO2) in surface waters on transects of Drake Passage. The added observations include dissolved oxygen, as well as nutrient and carbon-13. The proposed work is similar to the underway measurement program made aboard R/V Nathaniel B. Palmer, and complements similar surface temperature and current data.The Southern Ocean is an important component of the global carbon budget. Low surface temperatures with consequently low vertical stability, ice formation, and high winds produce a very active environment for the exchange of gaseous carbon dioxide between the atmospheric and oceanic reservoirs. The Drake Passage is the narrowest point through which the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and its associated fronts must pass, and is the most efficient location for the measurement of latitudinal gradients of gas exchange. The generated time series will contribute towards two scientific goals: the quantification of the spatial and temporal variability and trends of surface carbon dioxide, oxygen, nutrients and C-13, and an understanding of the dominant processes that contribute to the observed variability.