Collaborative Research: High-Resolution Underway Air-Sea Observations in Drake Passage for Climate Science

德雷克海峡是南美洲和南极半岛西部之间的水域，因此通过巨大的南极环极流（ACC）的畅通无阻的流动连接了南大西洋和南太平洋。该提案将利用美国宇航局（USAP）补给船RV/AS LMGould相对频繁地通过德雷克海峡的渡轮，继续在这个自然阻塞点为ACC收集上层海洋XBT温度和XTCD盐度数据。这将产生更多的季节到年际时间尺度的水文观测，以及从当前地核到中尺度涡旋的空间尺度的水文观测。这些高分辨率、多次重复的样带（每年多达6 ~7个交叉点）得到了质量控制、存档并提供给更广泛的社区，以促进对地球上主要洋流（ACC）变率模式的研究。德雷克海峡XBT/XCTD样带时间序列现在可以追溯到1996年，并继续为南大洋前沿的长期趋势、地表水质量性质及其在气候相关时间尺度上对大气强迫的响应提供定量估计。该提案还寻求更新近十年的时间序列工作，测量正在进行的表面二氧化碳分压（pCO2）在德雷克海峡的常规横断面上。

The Drake Passage is the body of water between South America and the Western Antarctic Peninsula, thus connecting the Southern Atlantic and Southern Pacific Oceans through the unimpeded flow of the immense Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC).Using the relatively frequent ferry crossings of the Drake Passage by the RV/AS LMGould, the USAP supply ship, this proposal will continue the of collection of upper ocean XBT temperature and XTCD salinity data in this natural chokepoint for the ACC. This will yield additional hydrographic observations on seasonal to interannual timescales, and on spatial scales ranging from the current core to mesoscale eddies. These high-resolution, multi-repeat transects (up to 6 ~7 crossings per year) are quality controlled, archived and made available to the broader community in order to facilitate study of the modes of variability of the dominant oceanic current on the planet (the ACC). The Drake Passage XBT/XCTD transect time series now extends back to 1996, and continues to add to a number of quantitative estimates of the long term trends in Southern Ocean fronts, surface water mass properties, their response to atmospheric forcing on climate relevant time scales. This proposal also seeks renewal of a near decadal time series effort measuring the underway surface partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) in regular transects across the Drake Passage.