Doctoral Dissertation Research: Human Dietary Response to Climate Change and Resource Availability

本项目利用考古学和古环境数据评估全新世晚期气候变化对资源可利用性的影响，并将测试这种可利用性对史前渔业的影响。 布鲁斯芬尼博士（芬尼等人，2002年）最近的研究表明，在过去的2200年中，由于气候变化，东北太平洋鲑鱼的数量波动很大，这里提出的研究将评估这些波动对人类觅食策略的影响。 在觅食理论的背景下，该项目将测试人们是否改变了他们的觅食策略，以适应气候变化和资源波动，将他们的渔业从河流转移到海洋环境。 为了验证这一假设，将利用来自阿拉斯加科迪亚克岛的几条证据：a）从鱼耳石中提取的稳定氧同位素将用于重建古环境; B）将分析考古动物群材料以测试觅食焦点的变化;以及c）过去2200年的鲑鱼丰度数据将被用作古环境和考古数据的对照。该项目的优势在于其独特的考古视角，以及考古数据有助于了解影响海洋环境、鱼类生态、人类与环境的相互作用和气候变化以及阿拉斯加土著渔业的更大、长期过程的潜力。

ABSTRACTARC 0612988This project employs archaeological and paleoenvironmental data to assess the effects of late Holocene climate change on resource availability, and will test the effects of this availability on prehistoric fisheries. Recent research by Dr. Bruce Finney (Finney et al. 2002) shows that salmon abundance in the northeastern Pacific Ocean has fluctuated dramatically over the last 2200 years due to climate change, and the research proposed here will assess the effects of these fluctuations on human foraging strategies. Within the context of foraging theory, this project will test whether people altered their foraging strategies to accommodate climate change and resource fluctuation by moving their fisheries from the riverine to the marine environment. To test this hypothesis, several lines of evidence from Kodiak Island, Alaska will be utilized: a) stable oxygen isotopes extracted from fish otoliths will be used to reconstruct the paleoenvironment; b) archaeological faunal materials will be analyzed to test for changes in foraging focus; and c) salmon abundance data from the last 2200 years will be used as a control for the paleoenvironmental and archaeological data.The significance of this project lies in its unique archaeological perspective, and the potential of archaeological data to contribute to an understanding of the larger, long-term processes affecting the marine environment, fish ecology, human-environmental interaction and climate change, and Native Alaskan fisheries.