Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Global Development in Policy and Practice: The Polio Eradication Initiative from Atlanta to Rural Pakistan

历史上最大的公共卫生项目-消除小儿麻痹症倡议-可能即将取得成功。然而，在巴基斯坦，根除工作证明是难以实现的。本研究将审查地球仪的决策者如何理解和处理巴基斯坦根除工作的障碍。研究生Svea H.由Peter J. Brown博士监督的公共卫生硕士Closser将遵循巴基斯坦以外的政策制定者，巴基斯坦首都伊斯兰堡的政府官员和援助团体以及巴基斯坦农村免疫接种活动的接受者的脊髓灰质炎根除倡议的想法，政策和实践。这些人很少面对面接触，但通过消除小儿麻痹症倡议联系在一起。她推测，这些联系的性质可能是该运动在巴基斯坦面临困难的根本原因。从这个角度来看，根除Poowill的成功并不取决于实验室的破坏，而是取决于组织因素，包括与巴基斯坦社区的关系。这位研究人员将在亚特兰大的疾病控制中心和日内瓦的世界卫生组织观察会议并进行采访，采访巴基斯坦首都的政府和援助官员，并在她研究的最后五个月里，跟踪一个小儿麻痹症小组在巴基斯坦农村的工作。除其他目标外，研究人员将研究规划人员如何理解和部署“腐败”和“妇女地位”的概念，作为巴基斯坦文化的一个方面，被认为是成功根除腐败的障碍。她将试图确定它们是否是规划者认为的障碍，还是其他因素造成的。这项研究将有助于通过仔细关注人，思想和信息的中介流动来科学地理解全球化。这将有助于对国际发展机构等全球网络如何运作以及如何与特定社区互动有一个细致入微的了解。这将有助于理解在关键时刻可能解释历史性项目成败的变量。研究结果将与根除小儿麻痹症规划人员分享，促进国际合作，并提供可能有助于根除工作的实用信息。

The Polio Eradication Initiative, the largest public health project in history, is perhaps on the verge of success. In Pakistan, however, eradication has proved elusive. This study will examine how policymakers around the globe understand and deal with the barriers to eradication in Pakistan. Graduate student, Svea H. Closser, MPH, supervised by Dr. Peter J. Brown, will follow the ideas, policies, and practices of the Polio Eradication Initiative from policymakers outside Pakistan, to government officials and aid groups in Pakistan's capital, Islamabad, and then to the recipients of immunization campaigns in rural Pakistan. These are groups of people who rarely, if ever, meet face-to-face, but who are nevertheless linked through the Polio Eradication Initiative. She hypothesizes that it may be the nature of those linkages that underlies the difficulties the campaign has faced in Pakistan. From this perspective, success in eradicating poiowill depend not on laboratory breakthrous by on organization factors, including relations with Pakistani communities. The researcher will observe meetings and conduct interviews at the Center for Disease Control in Atlanta and the WHO in Geneva, interview government and aid officials in Pakistan's capital, and, for the final five months of her research, follow a polio team at work in rural Pakistant. Among other goals, the researcher will examine how planners understand and deploy the concepts of "corruption" and "women's status," as aspects of Pakistani culture that are assumed to act as barriers to successful eradication. She will try to determine whether or not they are the barriers that planners believe them to be, or whether other factors are to blame. This research will contribute to scientific understanding of globalization by careful attention to the intermediating flows of people, ideas, and information. It will help to build a nuanced understanding of how global networks like international development institutions function and interact with specific communities. It will help to understand the variables that may explain the success or failure of an historic project at a key moment. Research findings will be shared with polio eradication planners, fostering international collaboration and providing practical information that may assist in the eradication effort.