Succession and Changing Roles of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities in a Floodplain Chronosequence Model System

漫滩年代序列模型系统中丛枝菌根真菌群落的演替和角色变化

• 批准号: 0613943
• 负责人: Matthias Rillig
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: University of Montana
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-15 至 2008-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0613943&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Succession; Changing; Roles; Arbuscular; Mycorrhizal

Succession, the development of biological communities through time, is a central theme of ecology. It is becoming increasingly clear that soil organisms play a large role in succession of plant communities, yet the role of soil microbes in this context is still very poorly understood, particularly with respect to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). AMF, common root associates with the majority of plants, are pervasive components of soils. They significantly influence plant growth and soil processes. How will AMF abundance and communities change through time, and how can these changes influence plants and soils? These questions will be addressed using the landscape created by a free-flowing river in Montana, providing a sequence of site ages (0 to 70 years), a natural laboratory. By measuring AMF abundance, species composition, and function in soils of these different ages, a better understanding of their role in succession can be derived. The main focus is the function of soil aggregation; this action of AMF contributes to the stabilization of soils, a crucial property related to erosion resistance. Rivers are organizing centers of diversity in a landscape, and riverine soils are among the most fertile, yet fragile on Earth. These soils, which are subject to increased exposure to pressures from humans, represent important nutrient and waste buffers between terrestrial, groundwater and river systems. Therefore, in addition to fundamental contributions to understanding ecological succession, data from this project will also serve to inform restoration and conservation efforts related to rivers.

演替，即生物群落随时间的发展，是生态学的中心主题。越来越清楚的是，土壤生物在植物群落的演替中发挥着重要作用，但土壤微生物在这方面的作用仍然知之甚少，特别是对于丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）。 AMF 是大多数植物的共同根系，是土壤的普遍成分。它们显着影响植物生长和土壤过程。随着时间的推移，AMF 的丰度和群落将如何变化，这些变化如何影响植物和土壤？这些问题将通过蒙大拿州一条自由流动的河流所形成的景观来解决，提供一系列场地年龄（0 至 70 年），这是一个天然实验室。通过测量不同年龄土壤中 AMF 的丰度、物种组成和功能，可以更好地了解它们在演替过程中的作用。主要关注土壤团聚作用； AMF 的这种作用有助于土壤的稳定，这是与抗侵蚀性相关的重要特性。河流是景观多样性的中心，河流土壤是地球上最肥沃但也最脆弱的土壤之一。这些土壤承受着人类压力的增加，是陆地、地下水和河流系统之间重要的养分和废物缓冲区。因此，除了对了解生态演替做出基本贡献外，该项目的数据还将为与河流相关的恢复和保护工作提供信息。