OPUS: Experimental Studies of Natural and Laboratory Metapopulations

自然选择可以发生在任何具有变异、复制和遗传特性的系统中。在生物组织的层次结构中，从细胞和配子到种群和物种，选择可以而且确实同时在多个层次和多个方向上进行。因此，在不同的水平上，由于复制和遗传物质的性质不同，对选择的遗传反应可能在数量和质量上有所不同。这项提议的工作将综合三十多年来对学生进行的关于选择水平的理论、实验和实地研究。这本书将特别集中在基因的相互作用和不同种类的选择的有效性。该综合将作为专业专著出版，并在网上作为研究生和高级本科课程使用的材料。基因相互作用在物种间的生殖隔离、近交抑制以及复杂的适应和疾病中都起着重要作用。然而，许多群体遗传理论是基于单基因模型的。这将是第一次综合这么多的研究成果。

Natural selection can occur in any system whose members have the properties of variation, replication, and heredity. In the hierarchy of biological organization, which ranges from cells and gametes to populations and species, selection can and does operate simultaneously at more than one level and in more than one direction. As a result, the genetic response to selection can be quantitatively and qualitatively different at different levels because the levels differ in the nature of replication and hereditary material. The proposed work will synthesize more than thirty years of theoretical, experimental and field research conducted with students on levels of selection. The book will focus especially on genetic interactions and the effectiveness of different kinds of selection. The synthesis will be published as a professional monograph and, on the web, as materials for use in graduate and advanced undergraduate courses. Gene interactions play an important role in reproductive isolation between species, inbreeding depression, and in both complex adaptations and diseases. However, much of population genetic theory is based on models of single genes. This will be the first synthesis of this large body of research.