OPUS: Experimental Studies of Natural and Laboratory Metapopulations

OPUS：自然和实验室混合种群的实验研究

• 批准号: 0614086
• 负责人: Michael Wade
• 金额: $ 17.94万
• 依托单位: Indiana University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0614086&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: OPUS; Experimental; Studies; Natural; Laboratory

Natural selection can occur in any system whose members have the properties of variation, replication, and heredity. In the hierarchy of biological organization, which ranges from cells and gametes to populations and species, selection can and does operate simultaneously at more than one level and in more than one direction. As a result, the genetic response to selection can be quantitatively and qualitatively different at different levels because the levels differ in the nature of replication and hereditary material. The proposed work will synthesize more than thirty years of theoretical, experimental and field research conducted with students on levels of selection. The book will focus especially on genetic interactions and the effectiveness of different kinds of selection. The synthesis will be published as a professional monograph and, on the web, as materials for use in graduate and advanced undergraduate courses. Gene interactions play an important role in reproductive isolation between species, inbreeding depression, and in both complex adaptations and diseases. However, much of population genetic theory is based on models of single genes. This will be the first synthesis of this large body of research.

自然选择可以发生在任何系统，其成员具有变异，复制和遗传的属性。在从细胞和配子到种群和物种的生物组织层次中，选择可以而且确实在不止一个层次和不止一个方向上同时进行。因此，对选择的遗传反应在不同的水平上可以在数量和质量上有所不同，因为这些水平在复制和遗传物质的性质上有所不同。 拟议的工作将综合三十多年的理论，实验和实地研究与学生进行的选择水平。 这本书将特别关注遗传相互作用和不同种类的选择的有效性。该综合报告将作为专业专著出版，并在网上作为研究生和高级本科课程的教材出版。基因相互作用在物种间的生殖隔离、近交衰退、复杂的适应和疾病中起着重要作用。然而，许多群体遗传学理论是基于单基因模型。这将是这一大型研究机构的首次综合。