Multiple States in Grassland Systems: Invasion and Environmental Feedbacks

草原系统的多个状态：入侵和环境反馈

• 批准号: 0614168
• 负责人: Katharine Suding
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2009-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0614168&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Multiple; States; Grassland; Systems; Invasion

When non-native plants become problem invasive species, they appear to push the entire ecosystem across a threshold, creating an alternative vegetation state that is difficult to restore. While this pattern is consistent with theoretical predictions concerning multiple stable states, there have been few empirical tests. The research will promote the understanding of restoration and multiple state dynamics in California grasslands, one of the most invaded ecosystems in the United States. Through observational studies and field experiments, it will investigate several factors that will aid in restoration and conservation: whether variation in soil nitrogen availability creates refugia for native and non-native grasses, whether intermediate levels of nitrogen supply can generate both non-native- and native-dominated states, whether interactions between vegetation and soil microbes create positive feedbacks and lead to the formation of multiple states, and whether regional colonization differences between non-native and native species overwhelm these local interactions. The project will also train young scientists through year-long experiential science programs. Students from local high schools will be involved with data collection as well as with the design and implementation of a public demonstration experiment. The project will also encourage the participation of women, particularly Hispanic women, by recruitment and outreach efforts. The results will be disseminated broadly to applied practitioners, scientists, and the general public through directed publications, workshops, and seminars.

当非本地植物成为问题的入侵物种时，它们似乎将整个生态系统推向一个阈值，从而产生了难以恢复的替代植被状态。尽管这种模式与有关多个稳定状态的理论预测一致，但几乎没有经验测试。这项研究将促进对加利福尼亚草原的恢复和多种国家动态的理解，加利福尼亚草原是美国最受欢迎的生态系统之一。通过观察性研究和现场实验，它将调查几个有助于恢复和保护的因素：土壤氮的可用性变化是否会为天然和非本地草产生避难所，中等水平的氮供应水平是否会产生非本地和天然主导状态的中等水平，是否会在植被和土壤之间以及众多的范围和土壤中的相互作用以及众多的良好反馈以及是否会产生积极反馈和众多的反馈，是否构成了新的反馈，是否构成了构成的形式，是否构成了构成的形式，是否构成了构成的形式。物种压倒了这些局部互动。 该项目还将通过为期一年的体验科学计划培训年轻科学家。当地高中的学生将参与数据收集以及公开演示实验的设计和实施。该项目还将通过招募和推广工作来鼓励妇女，特别是西班牙裔妇女的参与。结果将通过有指导的出版物，研讨会和研讨会大致传播给应用的从业人员，科学家和公众。