Doctoral Dissertation Research in Political Science: The DDR in Political Science: Changing Social Definitions of Men and Women and Their Effect on the Gender Gap, 1953-2003

该项目开发了一种社会性别定义的理论和经验措施，以解释男女党派依恋的变化以及由此产生的党派性别差距。 性别的社会定义概念，即社会赋予特定时间和地点的平均值和妇女的意义，抓住了性别社会建构的理论工作。 社会对性别的概念不断重塑美国的社会和政治因素。 社会、政治和经济事件导致社会对性别的定义发生变化。 这些变化产生了代表妇女和男子的新的政策需求，导致党派之间的关系沿着出现分歧。 然后，各政党改变立场，以符合新选民的观点。 该项目的目标是将性别工作纳入我们对党派变化的理解。 时间序列方法被用来回答三个问题：是什么导致了社会性别定义的变化？ 社会对性别的定义如何影响党派关系中的性别差距？ 男性和女性的党派之争分别如何应对社会性别定义的变化？ 除了测试在这个项目中开发的性别的社会定义的理论，我们还测试对性别差距的形成竞争的理论。 这是通过使用内容分析和民意数据来完成的。关于更广泛的影响，该项目创建了一个新的数据集，将有助于学者研究政治行为随着时间的推移。 此外，对妇女的关注使人们更好地了解代表性不足的群体。

This project develops a theory and empirical measure of social definition of gender to explain changes in partisan attachments of men and women and the resulting partisan gender gap. The concept of social definition of gender, the meaning society ascribes to mean and women at a particular time and place, captures the theoretical work on the social construction of gender. How society conceptualizes gender continually reshapes the social and political factor of the United States. Social, political, and economic events give rise to shifts in the social definition of gender. These shifts produce new policy needs on behalf of women and men, resulting in the reshuffling of partisan attachments along divisions already existing in the parties. Then parties shift to conform to the views of their new constituents. The goal of this project is to integrate work on gender into our understanding of partisan change. Time series methods are used to answer three questions: What has caused changes in the social definition of gender? How has the social definition of gender affected the gender gap in partisanship? How have men's and women's partisanship responded respectively to change in the social definition of gender? In addition to testing the theory of the social definition of gender developed in this project, we also test competing theories on the formation of the gender gap. This is done through the use of content analysis and public opinion data.With regards to broader impacts, this project creates a new data set that will be useful to scholars studying political behavior over time. In addition, the focus on women provides a better understanding of an underrepresented group.