Dissertation Research: Regulation in the Architecture of American Modernism, 1890-1920

论文研究：美国现代主义建筑的规定，1890-1920

• 批准号: 0620723
• 负责人: Mark Jarzombek
• 金额: $ 0.8万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-06-01 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0620723&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Regulation; Architecture; American

This Science and Society Dissertation Improvement Grant supports travel related expenses for a dissertation student collect data that in U.S. archives that will help him complete his Ph.D. in History. The dissertation examines the development of regulatory systems for buildings in the United States between 1890 and 1920 that allowed for the stabilization and control of unpredictable fluctuations in climate and economy. Science, industry, and the state all took part in this process of architectural modernization to fulfill two goals: 1) to understand and control environmental dynamics and 2) to make capitalist production more efficient, predictable and equitable. These goals represented a fundamental shift in how the modern professions of architecture, engineering and management imagined their relationship to society. Rather than accepting existing social conditions, they became agents that could actively take part in American political economy. In order to understand the historical context of such a shift, this dissertation will assemble and interpret archival materials that document the invention of automatic temperature control, the emergence the cold storage system, the design of research laboratories for ecology, and the application of scientific management to the layout and construction of factories. Existing research in the history of modern America has yet to address the interface between nature, economy and architecture that was brought about through the development of regulatory systems. This researcher is uniquely qualified to bring the expertise of architectural training as well as methods for archival research to bear on the essential role that architecture played in the formation and dissemination of the modern concept of regulation. Investigating how the concept of regulation derived its meaning from emerging scientific research, technological innovation as well as new approaches to management, will begin to shed light on how these discourses entered into the very definition of what was modern in architecture. This historical perspective illustrates the explicit connection between the environment, the economy and architecture that still exists for contemporary designers involved in imagining our future habitat. Concerns about how buildings affect the environment have increasingly entered into the educational curriculum of most professional programs in architecture. However, teaching the historical component of this issue has not yet become a part of the pedagogy associated with the emerging green building movement. By bringing together the histories of science, technology and business, this dissertation can offer a historical and critical outlook on the relationship between architecture and the environment that will examine the changes in social conditions that have arisen from past attempts to regulate environmental instabilities for industry, speculation and the public interest.

这项科学与社会论文改进补助金支持论文学生收集美国档案中的数据的旅行相关费用，这将有助于他完成博士学位。史上本论文研究了1890年至1920年期间美国建筑物监管系统的发展，该系统允许稳定和控制气候和经济的不可预测波动。科学、工业和国家都参与了这一建筑现代化的进程，以实现两个目标：1）理解和控制环境动态; 2）使资本主义生产更加高效、可预测和公平。这些目标代表了现代建筑、工程和管理专业如何想象他们与社会的关系的根本转变。他们不是接受现有的社会条件，而是成为能够积极参与美国政治经济的代理人。为了理解这种转变的历史背景，本文将收集和解释档案材料，记录自动温度控制的发明，冷藏系统的出现，生态研究实验室的设计，以及科学管理在工厂布局和建设中的应用。现有的研究在现代美国的历史还没有解决自然，经济和建筑之间的接口，通过监管制度的发展带来的。这位研究员是唯一有资格把建筑培训的专业知识以及档案研究的方法，承担建筑在现代监管概念的形成和传播中发挥的重要作用。 研究监管的概念是如何从新兴的科学研究、技术创新以及新的管理方法中获得其含义的，将开始阐明这些话语是如何进入建筑现代化的定义的。这种历史视角说明了环境、经济和建筑之间的明确联系，对于参与想象我们未来栖息地的当代设计师来说，这种联系仍然存在。对建筑物如何影响环境的关注越来越多地进入建筑专业课程的教育课程。然而，教授这个问题的历史成分还没有成为与新兴的绿色建筑运动相关的教学法的一部分。通过汇集科学，技术和商业的历史，本论文可以提供一个历史和批判性的观点，建筑与环境之间的关系，将检查社会条件的变化，从过去的尝试，以规范工业，投机和公共利益的环境不稳定性所产生的。