Community dynamics of an emergent pathogen: intrinsic versus extrinsic mechanisms

新出现病原体的群落动态：内在机制与外在机制

• 批准号: 0622705
• 负责人: Andre Dhondt
• 金额: $ 249.95万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-10-01 至 2013-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0622705&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Community; dynamics; emergent; pathogen; intrinsic

In recent decades many new diseases have emerged, often because a pathogen jumped to a novel host. The jump of the bacterium Mycoplasma gallisepticum from domestic poultry to House Finches is one such case that is amenable to facilitating the development of general models of disease dynamics. This project will explore the effects on disease dynamics of multiple hosts that differ in competence and transmissions routes that differ in disease expression. By combining experimental work, studies of free-living bird communities, and mathematical models, it is possible to determine under what conditions epidemics will arise, and hence how they can be halted. A variety of broader impacts will result. Thousands of members of the general public participate in monitoring the disease among wild birds through a citizen science program. Because the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology routinely communicates research results and their relevance to the general public through a newsletter that reaches over 40,000 households, members of the public are educated about the process and products of this research. By formally involving postdoctoral researchers, graduate students, and undergraduates in the research a large number of students are trained in interdisciplinary research that is the hallmark of studies in disease ecology. Many of these belong to minorities currently under-represented in biological research.

近几十年来，出现了许多新的疾病，通常是因为病原体转移到了新的宿主身上。鸡毒支原体细菌从家禽转移到家雀就是这样一个案例，它有助于促进疾病动力学一般模型的发展。该项目将探讨能力不同的多个宿主对疾病动态的影响以及疾病表达不同的传播途径。通过结合实验工作、对自由生活的鸟类群落的研究和数学模型，可以确定在什么条件下会出现流行病，以及如何阻止它们。将会产生各种更广泛的影响。成千上万的公众通过公民科学计划参与监测野生鸟类的疾病。由于康奈尔鸟类学实验室定期通过面向 40,000 多个家庭的时事通讯向公众传达研究结果及其相关性，因此公众可以了解这项研究的过程和产品。通过正式让博士后研究人员、研究生和本科生参与研究，大量学生接受了跨学科研究的培训，这是疾病生态学研究的标志。其中许多属于目前在生物学研究中代表性不足的少数群体。