IPY: Collaborative Research on Carbon, Water, and Energy Balance of the Arctic Landscape at Flagship Observatories and in a PanArctic Network

提供资金在美国和俄罗斯建立两个观测站，并形成一个泛北极观测站网络，在那里进行景观级碳、水和能量平衡的协调测量，并将结果提供给统一的数据库。这些观测站将建立在两个现有的研究景观碳、水和能量平衡的地点——图里克湖（阿拉斯加）和切尔斯基湖（西伯利亚），以及整个北极地区的观测站网络，这些观测站网络将对碳、水和能量变量进行类似的长期观测，或作为国际极地年的一部分提出，包括图里克、切尔斯基、阿比斯库（瑞典，ABACUS项目的主要地点）、扎肯伯格（格陵兰）和加拿大北极地区的几个地点。专门为图里克和切尔斯基的仪器和人员以及各场址之间的国际讲习班和访问提供资金，以确保数据和仪器易于比较。这项工作不是一次研究一个过程，而是着重于在每小时、每天、季节和多年时间尺度上同时测量北极陆地景观的碳、水和能量通量。这些都是北极系统的主要调节驱动因素，形成了陆地表面、大气和海洋之间的关键联系和反馈。通过使用测量和数据存档方法，收集的数据将成为天文台之间可比较的遗产。将使用美国国家科学基金会北极长期生态研究（LTER）项目（以图里克湖为基地）近20年的数据管理协议和档案；数据将存档在北极LTER数据库中，并通过与国家冰雪数据中心（NSIDC）的联系，向社区普遍提供。

Shaver 0632139Bret-Harte 0632264Funds are provided to establish two observatories, in the U.S. and Russia, and form a PanArctic network of observatories where coordinated measures of landscape-level carbon, water, and energy balance are carried out and results made available in a unified database. The observatories will be establishedat two existing sites of research on landscape-level carbon, water, and energy balance - Toolik Lake (Alaska) and Cherskii (Siberia) - and the network of observatories across the Arctic where similar long-term observations of carbon, water and energy variables are made or proposed as part of IPY will include Toolik, Cherskii, Abisko (Sweden, the main site of the ABACUS project), Zackenberg (Greenland), and several sites in Arctic Canada.Funds are specifically provided for instruments and personnel at Toolik and Cherskii, as well as international workshops and visits among the sites to ensure that data and instrumentation are easily comparable. Rather than studying one process at a time, this effort focuses on simultaneous measurements of carbon, water, and energy fluxes of the Arctic terrestrial landscape at hourly, daily, seasonal, and multiyear time scales. These are majorregulatory drivers of the Arctic System, forming key linkages and feedbacks between the land surface, the atmosphere, and the oceans. The data collected will become a legacy by using measurement and data archiving approaches that are comparable among observatories. The data management protocols and archives used for nearly 20 years by the NSF Arctic Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project (based at Toolik Lake) will be used; data will be archived in the Arctic LTER database and, through links to the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC), will be generally available to the community.