IPY: Collaborative Research: Linking Inuit Knowledge and Local-Scale Environmental Modeling to Evaluate the Impacts of Changing Weather on Human Activities at Clyde River, Nunavut

IPY：合作研究：将因纽特人知识与当地环境模型联系起来，评估气候变化对努勒维特克莱德河人类活动的影响

• 批准号: 0753369
• 负责人: Henry Huntington
• 金额: $ 10.75万
• 依托单位: Huntington Consulting
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0753369&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: IPY; Collaborative; Research; Linking; Inuit

Climate change affects many aspects of the environment, including weather patterns and the frequencies of various weather events and phenomena. Inuit hunters and elders in Clyde River, Nunavut, have already observed changes in wind patterns and other weather features and have concerns about other potential changes in the future. Evaluating the nature and significance of these meteorological changes requires a multi-pronged, interdisciplinary approach that merges local knowledge and observations with physically based, high-resolution (local, human-relevant scales, like 100-m), downscaling/modeling of larger-scale regional and global climate changes.This project has three objectives: (1) to document Inuit observations and understanding of meteorological change; (2) to develop numerical models and analytical tools based on meteorological and climatological data that work at the same scales and on the same parameters as Inuit observations, and; (3) to connect the results of the first two objectives, working collaboratively with Inuit to explore the practical and scientific implications of our findings for the future. The research team's approach has four components, which are carried out through four stages of the project. The components are (a) documenting Inuit observations and other local information, (b) gathering meteorological data, (c) modeling weather and related phenomena on fine spatial (e.g., 100-m) and temporal (e.g., hourly) scales, and (d) integrating the first three components. The project will connect numerical models with Inuit knowledge and observations to evaluate the nature of meteorological change and to project likely changes in the coming decades at scales, and for parameters, of relevance to Inuit. It will open a wide range of possibilities for connecting climate and weather modeling to conditions of specific human interest at appropriate spatial and temporal scales. This developed approach will be available for wide application to any human activities affected by weather, from the under-served indigenous populations of the Arctic, to commercial and industrial enterprises taking place in severe environments.The project is innovative, interdisciplinary, international, and legacy-building. It is innovative and interdisciplinary because it connects in new ways two very different disciplines that share a common interest in arctic environmental change. It is international because it involves Canadian and American participants, and includes links to several existing IPY projects. It builds a legacy because its approach has a wide range of potential applications for anyone who works extensively in the Arctic. The project addresses both NSF areas of ?Understanding Environmental Change in Polar Regions? and ?Human and Biotic Systems in Polar Regions,? and the linkages between the two. The latter is the focus of the project: we seek to determine exactly what aspects of meteorological change are or are likely to be most significant to Inuit hunters. The ways those hunters interact with their environment, particularly the role of weather conditions in their decision-making, will also shed light on the function of human systems in the Arctic, giving insight into the sensitivity of Inuit hunting activities to changes in weather and other environmental parameters.

气候变化会影响环境的许多方面，包括天气模式以及各种天气事件和现象的频率。 Nunavut克莱德河的因纽特人猎人和长老已经观察到风模式和其他天气特征的变化，并担心将来其他潜在变化。评估这些气象变化的性质和意义，需要一种多管齐的跨学科方法，将本地知识和观察与基于物理的高分辨率（本地，与人相关的量表，如100米），降低/建模的较大规模区域和全球气候变化的降低/建模。 （2）基于气象和气候数据开发数值模型和分析工具，这些数据在相同的尺度和与因纽特观测的相同参数上起作用，并且； （3）为了连接前两个目标的结果，与因纽特人合作，探讨我们发现对未来的实践和科学含义。研究团队的方法具有四个组成部分，这些组件是通过项目的四个阶段进行的。组件是（a）记录因纽特观察结果和其他局部信息，（b）收集气象数据，（c）建模天气和相关现象，上面的空间（例如100-m）和时间（例如，每小时）量表，以及（d）整合前三个成分。该项目将与因纽特知识和观察结果连接数值模型，以评估气象变化的性质，并在未来几十年的规模和参数中投射变化与因纽特人相关。它将为在适当的空间和时间尺度下将气候和天气建模与特定人类兴趣的条件联系起来开辟各种可能性。这种开发的方法将用于广泛应用于受天气影响的任何人类活动，从北极的服务不足，到在严重环境中发生的商业和工业企业。该项目具有创新，跨学科，国际和遗产建设。它具有创新性和跨学科，因为它以新的方式联系了两个截然不同的学科，这些学科在北极环境变化中具有共同的兴趣。它之所以国际，是因为它涉及加拿大和美国参与者，并包括与几个现有IPY项目的链接。它建立了遗产，因为它的方法对在北极地区广泛工作的任何人都有广泛的潜在应用。该项目涉及知道极地地区环境变化的两个NSF领域吗？和“极地地区的人类和生物系统”以及两者之间的联系。后者是该项目的重点：我们试图确切确定气象变化的哪些方面对因纽特人猎人来说是最重要的。这些猎人与环境互动的方式，尤其是天气条件在决策中的作用，也将阐明人类系统在北极的功能，从而深入了解因纽特人狩猎活动对天气和其他环境参数变化的敏感性。