Refining Upper Mantle Models Beneath the Western United States

合成计算技术已经取得了重大进展，USArray 将提供前所未有的大量数据用于分析。正如该提案所证明的，最近的几个 3D 表面波断层扫描模型预测了周期大于 20 秒的合成匹配阵列数据。这些由增强体波断层扫描图像增强的模型将用于约束三倍数据的建模。将综合生成转换后的相位，即 Ps 等，以验证这些 3D 模型。我们将研究使用 1D、2D 和 3D 代码对地震数据进行建模的有效例程，并将我们的技术应用于旧的 GSN、LRSM 和 WWSSN 数据以及现代数据（PASSCAL、CISN、Baja Array 等）。从该 3D 模型生成的谱元 (SEM) 和格林函数 2D 有限差分将能够确定有关地震的更精确信息（历史和未来），并将我们的本地自动实时震源估计系统扩展到涵盖整个美国西部的事件 (M3.5)。重大事件的方向性估计可以从现场校正的站点和生成的人工震动图模拟中获得，以协助紧急服务和现场操作。我们的宽带绿色功能将与显示辐射地震波的电影和交互式软件一起提供给社区（几小时内）。这些努力将帮助我们自己的学生和其他人检查宽带地震图，清楚地了解什么是震源和什么是结构。

There have been major advances in synthetic computational techniques and USArray will provide unprecedented amounts of data for analysis. As demonstrated in this proposal, several recent 3D surface wave tomographic models predict synthetics matching array data at periods greater than about 20s. These models augmented by enhanced bodywave tomographic images will be used to constrain the modeling of triplication data. Converted phases, i.e., Ps, etc., will be generated synthetically to verify these 3D models. We will investigate efficient routines for the modeling of the seismic data using 1D, 2D, and 3D codes and apply our techniques to older GSN, LRSM, and WWSSN data along with modern data (PASSCAL, CISN, Baja Array, etc.). Spectral-element (SEM) and Green's functions 2D finite-difference generated from this 3D model will allow more precise information about earthquakes to be determined (Historic and Future) and the extension of our local automated real-time source estimation system to cover events throughout the Western United States (M3.5). Directivity estimates for significant events can be obtained from site-corrected stations and artificial Shake-map simulations generated to assist emergency services and field operations. Our broadband Green's functions will be provided to the community (within hours) along with movies showing radiated seismic waves and interactive software. These efforts will assist our own students and others in examining broadband seismograms with a clear view of what is source and what is structure.