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NSF-BSF: Composition and evolution of saline fluids in the upper mantle

NSF-BSF：上地幔含盐流体的组成和演化

基本信息

批准号：
2032039
负责人：
Dimitri Sverjensky
金额：
$ 56.44万
依托单位：
Johns Hopkins University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2032039&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
NSF BSF Composition evolution saline

项目摘要

Connections between the deep Earth and the surface environment where we live are crucial to maintaining the long-term habitability of the Earth. As an example, saline fluids inside the Earth in the upper mantle may play an important role in connecting subduction zones at depth and volcanism at the surface. How this happens is still mysterious. One reason for this is that there are no experimental data for how such fluids interact chemically with upper mantle rocks, even though saline fluids are preserved in diamonds and rocks from the deep Earth. The proposed research seeks to understand the role of chloride in saline fluids. For example, the potential for chloride to transport metals under upper mantle conditions is highly intriguing. How important is this process? What are the impacts on changing the upper mantle through time, the generation of melts, the long-term stability of continental roots, and the types of volcanism at the surface of Earth? Answering these questions will help unravel the reasons for the special features of Earth and its near-surface environment that contribute to Earth's habitability as well as helping to provide a basis for the prediction of the potential habitability of other planets. This is a project jointly funded by the National Science Foundation’s Directorate of Geosciences (NSF-GEO) and the Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF) in accord with the language in the Memorandum of Understanding between the NSF and the BSF. This Agreement allows a single collaborative proposal, involving US and Israeli investigators, to be submitted and peer-reviewed by NSF. Upon successful results of the NSF merit review and recommendation by the cognizant NSF Program of an award, each Agency funds the proportion of the budget and the investigators associated with its own country.The overall objective of this proposal is to understand the composition and evolution of saline fluids in the upper mantle. A unique combination of experimental, thermodynamic modeling, and observational studies are proposed to examine the origins and roles of Cl-rich fluids in diamond formation and mantle metasomatism. The Israeli participants bring two vital areas of expertise to the project, namely the experimental expertise needed to measure the solubilities of mantle rocks in chloride solutions and the expertise in analyzing fluid inclusions in diamonds. These two areas of expertise are buttressed by the resources provided in the experimental laboratory for high pressure-temperature rock solubilities and the analytical laboratory for fluid inclusion analysis. Theoretical analysis of the experimental solubilities and published single mineral solubilities will be integrated with data from lower temperature and pressure experimental and spectroscopic studies to expand the calibration of metal-chloride complexes in the Deep Earth Water (DEW) model. Integrating the results of these studies will enable chemical mass transfer predictions of fluid-rock interaction for comparison with the compositions of fluid and solid inclusions in natural diamonds to test alternate scenarios for the origin and evolution of saline fluids in the upper mantle.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

地球深处和我们居住的地表环境之间的联系对于维持地球的长期可居住性至关重要。例如，地球上地幔中的含盐流体可能在连接深处的俯冲带和表面的火山活动方面发挥重要作用。这是如何发生的仍然是个谜。其中一个原因是，没有实验数据表明这些流体是如何与上地幔岩石发生化学反应的，尽管含盐流体保存在地球深处的钻石和岩石中。拟议的研究旨在了解氯在生理盐水中的作用。例如，氯化物在上地幔条件下运输金属的潜力是非常有趣的。这个过程有多重要？随着时间的推移，对上地幔的变化、熔体的产生、大陆根的长期稳定性以及地球表面火山活动的类型有什么影响？回答这些问题将有助于揭示地球的特殊特征及其近地表环境的原因，这些特征有助于地球的可居住性，并有助于为预测其他行星的潜在可居住性提供基础。这是一个由美国国家科学基金会地球科学理事会（NSF- geo）和以色列两国科学基金会（BSF）根据国家科学基金会和BSF之间的谅解备忘录共同资助的项目。该协议允许美国和以色列研究人员提交一份单一的合作提案，并由NSF进行同行评审。在国家科学基金会的评审结果和认可的国家科学基金会项目的推荐下，每个机构资助预算的比例和与自己国家有关的调查人员。本建议的总体目标是了解上地幔中含盐流体的组成和演化。本文提出了一种独特的实验、热力学建模和观测研究相结合的方法，以研究富cl流体在金刚石地层和地幔交代中的起源和作用。以色列参与者为该项目带来了两个至关重要的专业知识领域，即测量地幔岩石在氯化物溶液中的溶解度所需的实验专业知识和分析钻石中流体包裹体的专业知识。高压-高温岩石溶解度实验实验室和流体包裹体分析分析实验室提供的资源为这两个专业领域提供了支持。实验溶解度的理论分析和已发表的单一矿物溶解度将与低温和低压实验和光谱研究的数据相结合，以扩大深水（DEW）模型中金属-氯化物络合物的校准。综合这些研究的结果将使流体-岩石相互作用的化学传质预测能够与天然钻石中流体和固体包裹体的组成进行比较，以测试上地幔中含盐流体的起源和演化的替代方案。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。