Dry Season Biogeochemistry of California Ecosystems
加州生态系统的旱季生物地球化学
基本信息
- 批准号:0640666
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 51.29万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:2007
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2007-02-01 至 2012-01-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
At least one third of the Earth's land experiences regular drought, and climate models suggest droughts will be more frequent and intense in the future. However, the biological processes that occur in ecosystems during the dry periods have generally only been studied by inference after studying what happens after rains return. Yet, important and surprising processes can occur during the dry season. For example, during the dry coastal California summer, soils of the grasslands are dry and the plants are dead, but the population size and mass of several important groups of soil microbes increase, even though their activity is apparently very limited. This unforeseen circumstance appears to result from a combination of the unique drought survival physiology of microorganisms, as well as disconnections in the very thin films of water that occur in dry soils that limit the diffusion of food they eat but also limit the movement of their predators. This project will evaluate changes in populations of key soil microbes through the dry summer in contrasting coastal California ecosystems (grassland, woodland, and chaparral), the physical and biological factors that regulate them, the dynamics of other related soil ecological processes, and their collective impacts on whole-ecosystem dynamics. The docent program at the Sedgwick Reserve is the key element of the outreach program. The scientists of this project will run regular in-the-field training sessions for the docents and provide up-to-date materials on soils generally and on the results of this specific research project. Over 800 K-12 students and 100 adults have already visited the project site. In addition, both graduate and undergraduate students will be trained during this research.
地球上至少有三分之一的土地经常遭受干旱,气候模型表明,未来干旱将更加频繁和严重。然而,在干旱时期生态系统中发生的生物过程通常只在研究降雨后发生的情况后才进行推断。然而,重要和令人惊讶的过程可能发生在旱季。例如,在干燥的沿海加州夏季,草原的土壤干燥,植物死亡,但土壤微生物的几个重要群体的数量和质量增加,即使它们的活动显然非常有限。这种不可预见的情况似乎是由于微生物独特的干旱生存生理学,以及干燥土壤中出现的非常薄的水膜的断开,这限制了它们所吃食物的扩散,也限制了它们捕食者的运动。该项目将评估在干旱的夏季,在对比沿海加州生态系统(草地,林地,和查帕拉尔)的关键土壤微生物的种群的变化,调节它们的物理和生物因素,其他相关的土壤生态过程的动态,以及它们对整个生态系统动态的集体影响。塞奇威克保护区的讲解员项目是外联项目的关键要素。该项目的科学家将定期为讲解员举办实地培训班,并提供有关土壤的最新材料和有关这一具体研究项目的结果。超过800名K-12学生和100名成年人已经参观了项目现场。此外,研究生和本科生都将在本研究期间接受培训。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Joshua Schimel其他文献
Representation of diffusion controlled carbon stabilization in reactive transport models
反应输运模型中扩散控制碳稳定的表示
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2016 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Aaron Thompson;Jennifer L Druhan;Marco Keiluweit;Rota Wagai;Alain F Plante;Corey R Lawrence;Asmeret Asefaw Berhe;Carlos A Sierra;Craig Rasmussen;Erika Marin-Spiotta;Joseph C Blankinship;Joshua Schimel;Katherine A Heckman;Susan E Crow;William - 通讯作者:
William
Organo-mineral associations at different hierarchical levels of soil aggregates: what do we get after physical fractionation?
土壤团聚体不同层次的有机矿物关联:物理分馏后我们得到什么?
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2015 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Aaron Thompson;Jennifer L Druhan;Marco Keiluweit;Rota Wagai;Alain F Plante;Corey R Lawrence;Asmeret Asefaw Berhe;Carlos A Sierra;Craig Rasmussen;Erika Marin-Spiotta;Joseph C Blankinship;Joshua Schimel;Katherine A Heckman;Susan E Crow;William;Rota Wagai - 通讯作者:
Rota Wagai
New Section: Synthesis and Emerging Ideas
- DOI:
10.1007/s10533-004-3485-4 - 发表时间:
2005-08-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.700
- 作者:
Joshua Schimel - 通讯作者:
Joshua Schimel
Microbes and global carbon
微生物与全球碳
- DOI:
10.1038/nclimate2015 - 发表时间:
2013-09-25 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:27.100
- 作者:
Joshua Schimel - 通讯作者:
Joshua Schimel
The Soil Carbon Paradigm Shift: Triangulating Theories, Measurements, and Models
土壤碳范式转变:三角测量理论、测量和模型
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2016 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Joseph C Blankinship;Susan E Crow;Joshua Schimel;Carlos A Sierra;Christina Schaedel;Alain F Plante;Aaron Thompson;Asmeret Asefaw Berhe;Jennifer L Druhan;Katherine A Heckman;Marco Keiluweit;Corey R Lawrence;Erika Marin-Spiotta;Craig Rasmussen, - 通讯作者:
Craig Rasmussen,
Joshua Schimel的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Joshua Schimel', 18)}}的其他基金
Does E. Vaginatum Take up Organic N?
E. Vaginatum 会吸收有机氮吗?
- 批准号:
1417758 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 51.29万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Controls over C sequestration: physiology vs. physics
合作研究:碳封存的控制:生理学与物理学
- 批准号:
1145875 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 51.29万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Exploring the Impacts of Long-Term Warming on Arctic Soils: Linking Microbial Communities with Seasonal Biogeochemical Dynamics.
论文研究:探索长期变暖对北极土壤的影响:将微生物群落与季节性生物地球化学动态联系起来。
- 批准号:
1110843 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 51.29万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Environmental changes alter the carbon cycle of high Arctic ecosystems: Shifts in the ages and sources of CO2 and DOC.
合作研究:环境变化改变了北极高海拔生态系统的碳循环:二氧化碳和DOC的年龄和来源的变化。
- 批准号:
0909510 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 51.29万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: MSB: Microbial control of litter decay at the cellulose-lignin interface
合作研究:MSB:纤维素-木质素界面凋落物腐烂的微生物控制
- 批准号:
0919049 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 51.29万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research:The Changing Seasonality of Tundra Nutrient Cycling: Implications for Ecosystem and Arctic System Functioning
合作研究:苔原养分循环的季节性变化:对生态系统和北极系统功能的影响
- 批准号:
0902038 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 51.29万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Spatial and Temporal Influences of thermokarst features on Surface Processes in Arctic Landscapes
合作研究:热喀斯特特征对北极景观地表过程的时空影响
- 批准号:
0806451 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 51.29万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
IPY: Microbial winter survival physiology: a driver on microbial community composition and carbon cycling
IPY:微生物冬季生存生理学:微生物群落组成和碳循环的驱动因素
- 批准号:
0733074 - 财政年份:2007
- 资助金额:
$ 51.29万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
The Bugs of Winter: Microbial Control of Soil Biogeochemistry During the Arctic Cold Season
冬季的虫子:北极寒冷季节土壤生物地球化学的微生物控制
- 批准号:
0352863 - 财政年份:2004
- 资助金额:
$ 51.29万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Sedgwick Reserve Infrastructure Development
塞奇威克保护区基础设施开发
- 批准号:
0330442 - 财政年份:2003
- 资助金额:
$ 51.29万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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