CAREER: Lattice QCD Calculations of Nuclear Interactions

摘要晶格QCD计算核相互作用现代核物理学的基本目标是严格计算原子核的性质和相互作用。然而，目前在强相互作用的基础理论量子色动力学（QCD）方面对核物理学的理解很少。除了从第一原理理解核力起源的内在兴趣之外，还有在核物理学和量子cd之间建立定量联系的实际动机：许多与我们对中子星等天体物理物体的理解相关的核现象，以及对粒子物理标准模型之外的物理现象的搜索，目前还不能通过实验确定，或者只能很差地确定。这个CAREER提案概述了一个程序，使用晶格QCD进行简单核性质的开创性计算，QCD是一种适合大规模计算机模拟的QCD形式。提出的研究的主要目标是使用晶格QCD计算最简单的核-氘核的性质，并确定与理解高密度重子物质的状态方程相关的超子-核子和超子-超子散射参数。此外，PI还建议对基本粒子特性进行精确计算，这对于深入理解粒子物理学的标准模型及其可能的扩展至关重要。这个CAREER项目还将通过构建简单的计算机程序，重点关注高中和本科阶段的基础物理教学。最初的目标是为新罕布什尔州的高中教师提供一个涉及现实世界问题的研究项目，比如带阻力的抛射运动，使用一个由基本桌面电子表格实现的计算机程序，这是一个普遍可用的平台。这将为教师提供一种教授物理和其他数学科学的方法，这种方法从一开始就使用非常基本的数值方法来考虑现实世界的问题。

AbstractCareer: Lattice QCD Calculations of Nuclear InteractionsA fundamental goal of modern nuclear physics is to rigorously compute the properties and interactions of nuclei. However, presently there is little understanding of nuclear physics in terms of the underlying theory of the strong interactions, Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). Aside from the intrinsic interest in understanding the origin of nuclear forces from first principles, there is practical motivation for establishing quantitative links between nuclear physics and QCD: many nuclear phenomena relevant to our understanding of astrophysical objects like neutron stars, as well as to searches for physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics, cannot presently be determined experimentally or can only be poorly determined. This CAREER proposal outlines a program to perform pioneering calculations of simple nuclear properties using lattice QCD, a form of QCD amenable to large-scale computer simulations. Primary goals of the proposed research are a computation of the properties of the simplest nucleus ---the deuteron--- using lattice QCD, and the determination of hyperon-nucleon and hyperon-hyperon scattering parameters that are relevant to an understanding of the equation-of-state of high-density baryonic matter. In addition, the PI proposes to perform precision calculations of fundamental particle properties that are essential for a deeper understanding of the Standard Model of particle physics and its possible extensions.This CAREER project will also focus on the teaching of elementary physics, at the high-school and undergraduate levels, through the construction of simple computer programs. An initial goal will be to provide New Hampshire high-school teachers with a program of study involving real-world problems ---like projectile motion with drag--- using a computer program implemented with a basic desktop spreadsheet, which is a universally-available platform. This will be important in providing teachers with a method of teaching physics and other mathematical sciences that considers real-world problems from the onset using very-basic numerical methods.